Through the smoke of history, child prodigy is like a bright bud, which has been recorded in a large number of relevant historical books since the Song Dynasty. However, the problem of how they should grow and develop has perplexed educators in contemporary and previous dynasties. For this reason, this paper intends to start from the historical origin of child prodigy before the Song Dynasty, focus on the Song Dynasty, which has the most complete child prodigy education in history, and sort out the development of Song Dynasty Education and child education in the Song Dynasty; Then explore the various ways of prodigy education in the Song Dynasty; Summarize and refine the characteristics of prodigy education in Song Dynasty; Finally, it evaluates and analyzes the child prodigy education, so as to provide enlightenment and reference for China's contemporary child prodigy education.

In the Song Dynasty, child prodigy originally referred to the examinee who should be held by child prodigy. Such as "calling the prodigy Cai Boxuan" and "serving Renzong in the east palace with the prodigy at the age of five or six with Yan Yuanxian". In addition, the people of the Song Dynasty also praised and envied those children who were born to know, praising them as "strange children", "receiving heaven" and "Youmin", but they generally do not directly call them prodigy. The "child prodigy" in this paper mainly refers to the latter, that is, those extraordinary children with strong learning ability, outstanding wisdom or talent. The "child prodigy education" in this paper refers to the family's education of child prodigy. Child prodigy has existed since ancient times, and there were few records of "child prodigy" before the Song Dynasty. In the Song Dynasty, educational and cultural undertakings developed greatly, and the rise of children in the Song Dynasty became more and more prosperous, which made the Song Dynasty prodigy and its prodigy education become the key issue of education in this period.

The characteristics of prodigy education in the Song Dynasty showed a face of mutual defects. On the one hand, some parents have high hopes for the child prodigy, actively help the child prodigy grow up and seek for it, so that the child prodigy has a heartfelt longing for his studies since childhood. These prodigies, with their learning and wisdom, their transformation and heart, their questions and arguments, and their majestic accumulation, became the pillars of the Song Dynasty; On the other hand, some parents asked the prodigy to put his career first, arrest and sit idle, and attack one point, which is not as good as the rest. The relevant mind and virtue do not match his academic achievements, and he is content to be safe when he gets fame, resulting in the characteristics that the prodigy may not be good under the prodigy education.

Literature analysis: by comprehensively collecting and sorting out the relevant literature on prodigy education in Song Dynasty, the focus is to clarify the ways, methods and characteristics of prodigy education in Song Dynasty through literature analysis. Historical research method: through historical tracing, systematically investigate the methods and characteristics of child prodigy education of representatives in the Song Dynasty, and then analyze its impact on the current situation.

The characteristics of prodigy education in the Song Dynasty showed a face of mutual defects. On the one hand, some parents have high hopes for the child prodigy, actively help the child prodigy grow up and seek for it, so that the child prodigy has a heartfelt longing for his studies since childhood. These prodigies, with their learning and wisdom, their transformation and heart, their questions and arguments, and their majestic accumulation, became the pillars of the Song Dynasty; On the other hand, some parents asked the prodigy to put his career first, arrest and sit idle, and attack one point, which is not as good as the rest. The relevant mind and virtue do not match his academic achievements, and he is content to be safe when he gets fame, resulting in the characteristics that the prodigy may not be good under the prodigy education.

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