"Our time is better defined as an interest domain than as a moment of development of civic virtue. The predominance of the economical life over the political life leads to a naive faith of the automatism of the social processes, as for the exacerbation of the logic of the competition, with the progressive abandonment of the idea of public and the collective well." Newton Bignotto This text discusses education and citizenship underlying the on going international interacting order in which the activities of the economical sphere are extended to the planet producing unquestionable effects in all levels of the human sociability. The main questions approached are the following: what political conceptions are justifiable in a moment in which the interests of economical statutes expand to the political and educational sphere of the planetary life? What political notions are adequate to light actions of the different governs and international organizations in view of orientate educational and political activities that consolidate the demands for democracy and by the effective exercise of the cosmopolitanism principle? How to evaluate, nowadays, the recrudescence of the different political discourse as well as the vigorous voices of the new cosmopolitanism that looks for conciliating the local and the universal, the economical and the political, as well as the cultural plurality among the peoples of the world. Such is a summary description of the context and of the questions that instigates us to approach the activities of the educational sphere under the light of reflections of the political statute. Decisive questions for whom bet in a notion of planetary citizenship exercised with the active presence of the citizens in a democratic public sphere. Context which demands a configuration of the political activity able to unite, in reasonable terms the plurality of nations and peoples of the planet for the confrontation of questions that concern to all. It is a fact that, nowadays, the political and educational spheres, not rarely, have been subordinate to the merely economical integration projects. However, it is necessary to recognize that, currently, they expand and consolidate notions and forms of organizations, which, in the diversity of their goals, have been oriented by world cooperation and solidarity notions in view of effective new alternatives to the planetary life. If the challenges posed to education today do not separate in an absolute way from the political questions which challenge humanity, this implies that also in the educational sphere, these questions should be faced under the light of a democratic cosmopolitanism compatible with our common responsibilities of facing the serious impasses of the contemporaneous human sociability. Key-words: Education, Planetary Citizenship, democratic cosmopolitanism