Feminist critical race theory and intersectionality: complicating ‘achievement’ through the lens of Black girls’ narratives.
Author(s):
Victoria Showunmi (presenting / submitting)
Conference:
ECER 2014
Network:
Format:
Paper

Session Information

19 SES 09, Paper Session

Paper Session

Time:
2014-09-04
11:00-12:30
Room:
B105 Sala de Aulas
Chair:
Anita Eriksson

Contribution

Abstract

Objectives and Purpose

 

In the UK much of the research funding that has been allocated over the last decade to explore the reasons for the underachievement of minority children and young people has been directed towards African Caribbean, Bangladeshi and in some cases Pakistani boys (Gillborn 2007).  More recent studies have shifted the focus onto white working class boys (Gillborn 2000). In the ongoing debate over boy’s underachievement, it has become common place to assume that girls do not warrant educational concern: as the discursive ‘unsaid’ (Foucault 1980) of boy’s underachievement (Ringrose, 2007). As such, while boys continue to provoke anxiety and resources girls are seen as managing well on their own. (Francis 2010). The continuous surge of focus on boy’s (under)achievement and girls ‘success’ has erased the classed, racial and gendered complexities of educational achievement (Ringrose, 2012). From a research, policy and activist perspective this has left a significant gap in understandings around Black Minority Ethnic girl’s experiences within the UK education system. The paper will explore the reasons why some Black Minority Ethnic young girls appear to succeed and achieve in education, whilst others may find the pathway too stressful and ‘drop’ out.   It provides an opportunity explore the issues raised and develop further work in this important area, thus creating a voice for Black Minority Ethnic girls in UK schooling.  The paper also aims to challenge the longstanding myth that ‘all black girls’ are achieving in education (Mirza, 2008). 

Method

The research methodology is based on an ethnographic approach which includes the use of interactive focus groups and interviews in two UK, inner city London based schools. The research explored the complexity of ‘race’ , ‘class’ and ‘gender’ through feminist versions of CRT in order to investigate some of the potential barriers for Black Minority Ethnic young girl’s experiences in education. Theoretical framework and scholarly significance of the study This paper draws on feminist versions of critical race theory (CRT). CRT emphasises experiential knowledge of people of Color and is committed to challenging hegemonic structures and power systems that reinforce inequality. By providing ‘counter stories’ (that is different to the White majority) (Ladson-Billings, 2003: 417). For critical race theorists racism and ‘white supremacy’ (Gillborn, 2008) is endemic in most Western societies. However, CRT also ‘works toward the elimination of racism as part of a larger goal of opposing or eliminating other forms of subordination based on gender, class, sexual orientation, language and national origin’ (Delgado 1995). Thus feminist critical race theorists in particular (Krensahaw, 1995) find ‘intersectionality’ helpful because it allows them to focus on other forms of oppression that intersect with ‘race’ and racism. This paper places a feminist intersectional perspective on ‘race’ at the centre of its analysis CRT, offering a framework for listening to Black girls’ stories about being learners within the ‘white’ British Education system.

Expected Outcomes

The paper explores the emergent findings, focusing on narratives and stories that illustrate examples of ‘clashes’ with dominant white culture. For instance, girls talked about getting into fights and being put into youth offending teams. They also discussed feeling uncomfortable, singled out, and misunderstood. By highlighting the complex range of experiences, which often remain silent in the UK policy and research terrain, the paper argues, understanding how Black girls negotiate their position in schooling is critical as this informs their later progression within the wider higher education context.

References

Delgado Bernal, D. (2002) Critical race theory, Latino critical theory, and critical raced-gendered epistemologies: recognizing students of Color as holders and creators of knowledge, Qualitative Inquiry, 8 (1): 105-126. Delgado, R. (ed.) (1995) Critical race theory: The cutting edge, Philadelphia: Temple University Press Francis, .B (2010) Girl’s achievement: Contesting the positioning of girls as the relational ‘achievers’ to boys underachievement. Girls in education 3-16: continuing concerns, new agendas. By Carolyn Jackson, Corrie Paechter, Emma Renold Garvey, J & Ignatiev, N. (1997) Toward a new abolitionism: A race traitor manifesto, in M. Hill (ed.), Whiteness: A Critical Reader, New York: New York University Press, pp. 346-349. Gillbon, D (2000). White Heat: Racism, underachievement and white working class boys. International journal of inclusive educational, 2000 Gillbon, D (2010). The colour of numbers: Surveys, statistics and deflect-thinking about race and class. Journal of education policy volume 25, issue 2, 2010, p. 253-273 Gillborn, D. (2008) Racism and Education. London: Routledge. Ladson-Billings, G. (2003) Ladson Billings, G. (2003) Racialized discourses and ethnic epistemologies, in The Landscape of Qualitative Research, eds. N. Denzin & Y. Lincoln, Thousand Oaks, CA and London: Sage, pp. 398–432. Leonardo, Z. (2005) The Color of Supremacy: Beyond the discourse of ‘white privilege’, in Critical Pedagogy and Race, Z. Leonardo, ed., Blackwell: Oxford, pp. 37 -52. Maylor, U. (2009). They do not relate to Black people like us black teachers as role models for black pupils. Journal of Education Policy volume 24, issue 1, 2009, p. 1-21 Parker, L and Lynn, M. (2002) What’s race to do with it? Critical race theory’s conflicts with and connections to qualitative research methodology and epistemology, Qualitative Inquiry, 8 (1): 7-22. Solórzano, D. & Yosso, T. (2002) Critical race methodology: counter-storytelling as an analytical framework for education research, Qualitative Inquiry, 8 (1): 23-44. Strand, S (2009) Race, Sex, class and educational attainment at age 16: The case of white working class pupils. In: greater London authority conference on social-economic status, class and education, 7th May 2009, University Of London Institute Of Education, London UK (unpublished)

Author Information

Victoria Showunmi (presenting / submitting)
IOE, University of London
LCE
London

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