It is recognized that there is substantial diversity in the field of civic and citizenship education within and across countries. The construction of regional modules allows groups of participating countries from the same region to address region-specific issues in civic and citizenship education. Three regional modules have been established for Asia, Europe and Latin America. The purpose of Asian Regional Module (ARM) is to investigate specific Asia-related issues that derive from the overarching assessment framework of the ICCS study and enables regional issues to be addressed in greater detail. The process of the construction of the Asian Module has been a consultative one and has involved the input of representatives of individual Asia countries, including Taiwan, South Korea, Indonesia, Thailand, and Hong Kong SAR, China. This paper describes in depth the following issues concerning the development of the ARM framework for ICCS 2009: the fundamental concerns and key questions underlying the construction of the ARM conceptual framework, how the ARM framework and test items were developed, and how cultural influences, civic values, and historical/socio-political contexts shape the development of the ARM.