Experiencing Inequalities - German Students Discuss Educational Inequality and Social Segregation
Author(s):
Stefan Mueller-Mathis (presenting / submitting)
Conference:
ECER 2011
Format:
Paper

Session Information

ERG SES C 04, Parallel Session C 04

Paper Session

Time:
2011-09-12
13:30-15:00
Room:
JK 26/101,G, 36
Chair:
John I'Anson

Contribution

Heated public debates about the education system are frequent in Germany. Especially social inequalities in the education system often emerge in public debates. In Germany the educational system selects 10-years-old students to explicitly tracked school types. One consequence is frequently segregation in social and spatial separated school environments. The Educational Reporting Consortium (2006) reports also an interconnection of social and ethnic segregation in lower secondary schools. Especially the lowest school type is attended by immigrant students of families with lower social status. Also some educational researchers describe different emerging school environments that constitute differential developmental environments (Baumert et al. 2009). The aim of the study is to do research in different developmental environments, and to grasp young people’s point of view about schooling and society.

The research project explores how young people experience educational inequality and social and ethnic segregation in school and its urban surrounding. It takes into account how they debate the education they got and how they negotiate fears and privileges for their future lives: how do students experience differences in daily life and what do they think about the education they got, the chances they will have and the role in society they face?

In semi-structured interviews the students talk about their experiences in transition from primary school to secondary school. They reflect on both different stages of the decision-making processes and trajectories, including some changes to lower and upper school types within the secondary school level. Thus they discuss the image of the schools they attend, through the public opinion they perceive. Following the students, similarities and differences occur, concerning their experiences of educational inequality and social segregation and in their perspectives on dimensions of inequality like culture, religion or gender.

The analysis focuses on collective orienting frameworks (Bohnsack 2008) students anticipate in their school environment, and it includes the role of place in the formation of belongings and attitudes.

Method

The sample is part of the international study „Experiencing Inequalities“ (Kolokitha and Preston 2009), conducted under the lead of the University of London. Since 2009 data collection has run in Europe and Asia: German data were collected in April to June 2010. To do research on experiences and perceptions of inequality a mixed method strategy was used, based on a cross-sectional research design. The paper introduces first qualitative analysis of a secondary school. The school is attended by a multi-ethnic student population and is situated in a suburban area with a lower social status. The case study includes two focus groups, each composed of 5-7 students discussing about educational inequality and social and cultural diversity. The 14-years-olds attend classes of the lowest track (“Hauptschule”) and the middle track (“Realschule”). In some ethnographic explorations the student’s school surrounding was observed, too. Therefore “mobile methods” (Lee and Ingold 2006) were used to explore the school in its suburban context.

Expected Outcomes

The paper reports findings for this school. Concerning the collective orienting framework and the role of place in the formation of belongings and attitudes, the interconnection of being a student of a particular school type, a particular school, located in a particular suburban area seems to be quite important. The paper paraphrases aspects for the school context. Those are perspectives on status of school, employment, chances, discrimination or one’s own role in society. In the field of education the study provides examples for reflecting on adolescent’s prospective talk about educational and social inequalities. The question arise how to discuss social positions, social involvement and (more or less) privileges (e.g. Messerschmidt 2009) in classrooms.

References

Baumert, Jürgen/ Kai Maaz/ Petra Stanat und Rainer Watermann (2009). Schulkomposition oder Institution – was zählt? Schulstruktur und die Entstehung schulformspezifischer Entwicklungsverläufe. In Die Deutsche Schule, 101 (1). Bohnsack, Ralf (2008). Rekonstruktive Sozialforschung. Einführung in qualitative Methoden. Opladen. Educational Reporting Consortium (2006). Education in Germany. An indicator-based report including an analysis of education and migration. Summary of important results (www.bildungsbericht.de). Kolokitha, Magdalini and John Preston (2009). Inequalities at a ´glance´. Llakes Newsletter, Issue 2, Autumn 2009. Lee, Jo and Tim Ingold (2006). Fieldwork on Foot: Perceiving, Routing, Socialising. In Simon Coleman and Peter Collins (Ed.). Locating the Field. Space, Place and Context in Anthropology. New York. Messerschmidt, Astrid (2009). Weltbilder und Selbstbilder. Bildungsprozesse im Umgang mit Globalisierung, Migration und Zeitgeschichte. Frankfurt.

Author Information

Stefan Mueller-Mathis (presenting / submitting)
University of Giessen
Giessen

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