The Expression of the Socially Withdrawn Children’s Sociometric Status and Behaviour in the Classroom
Author(s):
Conference:
ECER 2012
Format:
Paper

Session Information

20 SES 09, Developing Innovative Intercultural and Inclusive Learning Environments

Parallel Paper Session

Time:
2012-09-20
11:00-12:30
Room:
ESI 3 - Aula 1
Chair:
Raimonda Bruneviciute

Contribution

Human relations are extremely strained nowadays as economic and social life is changing rapidly. The young generation outlives all this especially responsively, as in order to successfully get involved into the active rhythm of life, they have to comprehend the social environment they get into while living and functioning in the society. They have to be able to communicate, deal with conflicts, and understand the impact of the assumed or granted social role on their behaviour.

Scientific resources discuss the capability of  the contemporary  individual to create and interchange ideas, be open to the ideas of other individuals and different cultures, think critically and creatively, have a vision and adapt oneself to new conditions, cooperate, work in teams, and manage his/her own behaviour as well as that of others.

The best way to meet the challenges of the change is education and learning. However, various foreign scientific resources cite a lot of researches that reveal increasing social insularity and analyse the problematic concept of social withdrawal (Rubin, 1982; Colpan, Rubin, Fox, Calkins, & Stewart, 1994; Harrist, Zaia, Bates, Dodge, & Pettit, 1997; Coplan & Rubin, 1998; Nelson, Hart, Robinson, Olsen, & Rubin, 2000; Hart et al., 2000; Rubin & Coplan, 2004).

The analysis of scientific resources manifests that the relevance of researches investigating schoolchildren’s social problems and ways of providing them with the assistance is still high. Investigations conducted by foreign scientists show a growing interest in the issues of schoolchildren’s social withdrawal. However, in Lithuania researches investigating the problem of dissociation and ways of solving the issue in the classroom are scarce.  Most researchers concentrate on the issues of providing general social assistance and separate aspects of providing it; as well as external problematic behaviour expressed by disobedience, hyper activeness impeding concentration, and aggressiveness.

However, in the papers of Lithuanian scientists, scientific investigations that analyse the phenomenon of socially withdrawn schoolchildren and the possibilities of involving them into active learning in the classroom as well as social class activities were not found.

Obviously, the schoolchildren who unconsciously use social withdrawal as a method of social adaptation at school do not learn to be active members of the society in the future.

The object of the research is the expression of the socially withdrawn children’s sociometric status and behaviour in the classroom

The aim of the research is to reveal the expression of the socially withdrawn children’s sociometric status and behaviour in the classroom.

The objectives of the research are as follows:

1.                  Substantiate the concept of children’s social withdrawal.

2.                  Identify the status of the children who tend to socially withdraw in the classroom.

3.                  Determine the behaviour that is characteristic to schoolchildren who tend to socially withdraw.

Method

In this research, qualitative and qualitative methods were used. In order to identify the status of the children who tend to socially withdraw in the classroom and ascertain the status of learners’ chosen by the socially withdrawn children using various criteria, a sociometric investigation was conducted. Sociometry is a system of certain means that help to quantitatively define individual’s likes, dislikes and indifference in the process of communication and interaction. The main point of a sociometric test is the status of a certain group member x according to emotional acceptability in respect to the rest of the group (Moreno, 1934). In order to determine the behaviour that is characteristic to schoolchildren who tend to socially withdraw, a survey of pedagogues (form teachers, teachers, and social pedagogues) was conducted. The respondents (n=35) were asked to fill in a schoolchild’s behaviour evaluation sheet (Merrell, 2003, 2005) using observation strategies and specific experience gained while working with such children (n=47, girls=21, boys=26) as well as describe the situations in which those children were observed or the respondent communicated with them (qualitative gathering of data).

Expected Outcomes

1. Social withdrawal is understood here as learner’s behaviour that embodies a subjective state and attitude towards interaction and is related to certain feelings in respect to participation in social activities. Social withdrawal decreases activity, immobilizes will and stimulates passive defence. 2. The results of the classroom sociometrics research revealed that dissociation is characteristic to outcasted (21 out of 47), isolated (13 out of 47) and those of having initiated status (13 out of 47). The data mentioned above leads to the conclusion that schoolchildren because of having latter characteristic personal psychological features and they are often off casted by the classmates due to their behavior. 3. The data of the research may lead to the general conclusion that, at school, dissociated schoolchildren tend to be polite, are not hostile among school surroundings, classmates or teachers. Therefore these children tend to be incommunicative what leads to a low relation level among the classmates, they are afraid to ask for a help, take part in discussions, which influences qualitative future friendships or taking part in a study process. Eventually classmates start to avoid such children or simply do not pay any attention to them.

References

1. Fantuzzo J., Manz P., Atkins M., Meyers R. (2005) Peer-Mediated Treatment of Socially Withdrawn Maltreated Preschool Children: Cultivating Natural Community Resources // Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, v. 34, No.2, p.320-325. 2. Fantuzzo J., Perlman S. (2007). The unique impact of out of home placement and the mediating effects of child maltreatment and homelessness on early school success. Children and Youth Services Review . 3. Jankauskienė R., Kardelis K., Šukys S., Kardelienė L. (2008). Associations between school bullying and psychosocial factors // Social Behavior and Personality. 36 (2), p. 145–162. 4. Jonassen D.H., Land M.S. (2000). Theoretical Foundations of Learning Environments. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers. 5. Ladd G. W., (2006). Peer Rejection, Aggressive or Withdrawn Behavior, and Psychological Maladjustment from Ages 5 to 12: An Examination of Four Predictive Models Child Development, July/August 2006, vol. 77, No. 4, p. 822 – 846. 6. Ladd G. W., Herald S. L., & Andrews R. K. (2006). Young children’s peer relations and social competence. In B. Spodek & O. N. Saracho (Eds.), Handbook on the education of young children (p. 23–54).Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum. 7. Merrell, K. W. (2008). Behavioral, social, and emotional assessment of children and adolescents (3rd ed.). New York: Routledge/Taylor & Francis. 8. Prakash K., Coplan R. J. (2007). Socioemotional characteristics and school adjustment of socially withdrawn children in India International Journal of Behavioral Development, 31(2), p. 123 - 132. 9. Rubin K. H., & Coplan R. (2004). Paying attention to and not neglecting social withdrawal and social isolation. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 50, p. 506 – 534. 10. Šakirnaitė L., Čekuolienė D., Kalinauskienė L. (2007). Motinų jautrumo kūdikio signalams ir asmenybės savybių sąsajos // Psichologija; 35, p. 55-65.

Author Information

Laima Kyburienė (presenting / submitting)
Kaunas University of Applied Sciences
Kėdainiai
Raimonda Bruneviciute (presenting)
Lithuanian University of Health Sciences
Languages and Education
Kaunas
Vytautas Magnus university
Social Work
Kaunas
Kaunas College Kedainiai Jonusas Radvila Faculty
Philology and Educology
Kedainiai

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