School factors matter: Impacts of school development efforts and professional learning communities on teaching quality
Author(s):
Heinz Guenter Holtappels (presenting / submitting)
Conference:
ECER 2012
Format:
Paper

Session Information

01 SES 06 A, Influences of Leadership on CPD

Parallel Paper Session

Time:
2012-09-19
15:30-17:00
Room:
FCEE - Aula 2.5
Chair:
Heinz Guenter Holtappels

Contribution

Objectives: Based on longitudinal data from primary schools the main objective of this presentation is to examine interrelations between school development strategies and teaching development in professional learning communities on one side and teaching practices and development of student’s achievements on the other side. The analyses are embedded in a longitudinal study in German primary schools as a part of the European Collaborative Research Project ADDITION (A Dynamic Effective Knowledge Base for Quality in Education), which is connected with TIMSS and consists of contributions from seven European countries. The overall project objective is to examine the influence of system level aspects, factors of organizational culture and predictors on teaching on pupil’s achievements in mathematics and science over one school year.

Theoretical framework: On one side the theoretical framework is related to the approach of learning organizations, especially theoretical assumptions about teacher collaboration in professional learning communities with regard to Leithwood (2000) and central goals by Hall & Hord (2001).  On the other side we join the framework of the dynamic model of  Creemers & Kyriakides (2008) concerning effects of school development work and school-based strategies on teaching practices and student’s outcome (Creemers 2002; Reezigt & Creemers 2005). The first assump­tion is that schools will show improvement, if systematic development strategies are used. With regard to findings of Scheerens & Bosker (1997) and Holtappels (2004) the se­cond assumption draw focus on relationships between leadership patterns, professional cooperation of teachers and effects on teaching practices and student`s achievements.

Research questions: The presentation draw focus on following research questions: 1) What kind of school-based strategies on school and teaching development can we find in German primary schools? 2) How much teachers are involved in teams? Which levels of collaborative acting in a way of professional learning communities have primary schools reached? 3) Can we identify relationships between teacher collaboration as professional learning communities and teaching practice and student’s achievements? 4) Do leadership patterns influence school development efforts and teaching practice?

Method

The study is based on a longitudinal design in primary schools with two points of measurement in 2010 and 2011 and questionnaires of headmasters (n=54) and of teachers (n= 363 from 54 primary schools). Panel data from students (n= approx. 1.600) are based on questionnaires and achievement tests in mathematics and science (based on TIMSS-2007-Items) and were taken from beginning to end of fourth grade (added value). Valid and reliable scales could be composed, especially new measurements for teacher collaboration in professional learning communities, based on factor and item analyses with regard to theoretical approaches and findings. The data presentation includes mean comparison tests, multiple regression and structural equation models.

Expected Outcomes

The report about selected issues of our study mainly focuses on effects of school improvement strategies and goal-oriented teaching development within institutionalized teams: On the first step the analyses will show relationships between school development strategies (school program work, internal evaluation, improvement plans after data feedback) on one side and teaching practices and student’s achievements on the other side. On the second step impacts of teacher’s acting in professional learning communities (goal orientation; common analysis, diagnosis and evaluation; focus on student’s learning) on teaching quality and achievements are examined. Further results on school level will consider the influence of leadership patterns and readiness for innovation. The issues are able to show that school factors do matter, if schools are developing capacity of change by acting as a learning organization (Marks & Louis 1999; Rosenholtz 1991). The results of our research contribute to knowledge base about the influence of leadership patterns and teacher collaboration and also of school development efforts on teaching and achievements. The report contributes to debates about the importance of the organizational culture of school, especially teacher collaboration, for school improvement. The analyses are suitable for discussion of continuous professional development of teachers and leaders in Europe.

References

References: Creemers, B. P. M. (2002). From school effectiveness and school improvement to effective school improvement: Background, theoretical analysis and outline of the empirical study. Educational Research and Evaluation, vol. 8, no. 4, 343-362. Creemers, B. P. M., & Kyriakides, L. (2008). The dynamics of educational effectiveness : a contribution to policy, practice and theory in contemporary schools. London: Routledge. Hall, G.E. & Hord, S.M. (2001): Implementing Changes. Patterns, Principles and Potholes. Boston/Toronto. Holtappels, H. G. (2004): Schulprogrammwirkungen und Organisationskultur - Ergebnisse aus niedersächsischen Schulen über Bedingungen und Wirkungen. In: H.G. Holtappels (Hrsg.), Schulprogramme - Instrumente der Schulentwicklung. Weinheim/München 2004, S. 175-194 Leithwood, K. (2000): Organizational learning and school improvement. - Greenwich/ CT. Marks, H. M. & Louis, K. S. (1999): Teacher Empowerment and the Capacity for Organizational Learning. Education Administration Quarterly, 35, 707-750. Reezigt, G. J. & Creemers, B. P. M. (2005). A comprehensive framework for effective school improvement. School Effectiveness and School Improvement, 16 (4), 407-424 Rosenholtz, S.J. (1991): Teacher’s Workplace: The Social Organization of Schools. New York. Scheerens, J., & Bosker, R. J. (1997). The foundations of educational effectiveness. Oxford: Pergamon.

Author Information

Heinz Guenter Holtappels (presenting / submitting)
Technical University of Dortmund
Institute of School Development Research
Dortmnd

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