Re-conceptualizing the curriculum for inclusive education: Universal Design for Learning and the New National Curriculum in Cyprus
Author(s):
Katerina Mavrou (submitting) Simoni Symeonidou (presenting)
Conference:
ECER 2013
Format:
Paper

Session Information

04 SES 04 A, Policy Evaluation

Paper Session

Time:
2013-09-11
09:00-10:30
Room:
D-505
Chair:
Mara Allodi Westling

Contribution

The design and development of inclusive practices lie at the forefront of educational policies and educational research (Cooper, Kurts, Baber & Vallecorsa, 2008).  Universal Design for Learning (UDL) is considered one of the alternative approaches to curriculum design and development which seek to respond to the challenges of diversity in education (CAST, 2011).  Through its basic principles, UDL provides a blueprint for creating instructional goals, methods, materials, and assessment that work for every learner. A UDL curriculum is highly connected to differentiated curriculum.  Researchers highlight the way strategies of differentiation support the principles of UDL, and the way UDL re-establishes the definition of differentiation towards inclusion (Blamires, 1999).   The present study aimed to examine the extent to which the components of the Greek-Cypriot New National Curriculum (NNC) facilitate differentiation for all students, under the principles of UDL.  

The NNC is a priority of the nationwide educational reform in Cyprus. The present study provides a deep insight of the NNC components and suggests that universalizing the curriculum to appreciate diversity needs much more than a declaration statement about a “humane and democratic school”.   Based on the findings of the study and on the international literature around UDL and the curriculum, the paper discusses ways of mapping the practice of inclusive education through a UDL informed curriculum.

Method

A content analysis was adopted in order to analyze qualitatively the latest online version of the NNC for primary education. Data has been analyzed according to the principles of the content analysis approach, examining the extent to which the goals, materials, methods and assessment in respond to the three principles of UDL: (a) multiple means of representation, (b)multiple means of action and expression, and (c) multiple means of engagement.

Expected Outcomes

The findings suggest that the NNC failed to successfully define and integrate the principles of the UDL framework. Although differentiation is recognised as a compilation of theories and practices related to children’s own development, to the educational environment and to social consequences, when these are defined, the relationship with the elements of the curriculum is not drawn (i.e. goals, methods, materials and assessment). The nature of the goals, often specifying perceptual skills and means, were found to form an inflexible framework of learning expectations. Methods and materials also did not take the UDL principles into consideration. They emphasized the development of particular skills for expression and action, following the locked pattern of goals. Similarly, statements on assessment did not involve broad references to ways of representation and ways of action and expression of learners. However, even limited, some statements on assessment stressed issues of engagement in learning through motivation and sustainment of effort. According to Rose and Meyer (2002), a UDL curriculum is based on the flexibility provided by rich technology resources. The failure on the NNC to effectively integrate UDL principles seemed to relate to the limitations of the Cyprus educational system with respect to accessible and assistive technology.

References

Blamires, M. (1999). Universal design for learning: Re-establishing differentiations as part of the inclusion agenda? Support for Learning, 14(4), 158-163. Cooper, J.E., Kurtts, S., Baber, C. & Vallecorsa, A. (2008). A Model for Examining Teacher Preparation Curricula for Inclusion. Teacher Education Quarterly, 35(4), 155-176. CAST (2011). Universal Design for Learning Guidelines version 2.0. Wakefield, MA: Author. Rose, D., & Meyer, A., (2002). Teaching Every Student in the Digital Age: Universal Design for Learning. Alexandria, VA: ASCD

Author Information

Katerina Mavrou (submitting)
European University Cyprus
Department of Educational Sciences
Nicosia
Simoni Symeonidou (presenting)
University of Cyprus
Department of Education
Nicosia

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