Student-Teacher-Parent Conversations as a Means of Self-Regulated Learning
Author(s):
Julia Häbig (presenting / submitting)
Conference:
ECER 2014
Format:
Paper

Session Information

ERG SES C 13, Learning and Teaching

Paper Session

Time:
2014-09-01
11:00-12:30
Room:
FPCEUP - 253
Chair:
Samuel Gento

Contribution

The call for more self-regulated learning in schools has become louder in the last years. Different models of self-regulated learning conceive the learning process in three phases – preparation, action and reflection (Boekaerts 1999; Zimmerman 1986 and 2002). The student should become more responsible for his learning. Self-regulated learning refers to three aspects: regulation of the self, use and regulation of metacognitive strategies and use and regulation of cognitive learning strategies (Boekaerts 1999; Weinstein & Mayer 1986; Zimmerman 1986). Self-regulated learning can then lead as far as to include participation in the assessment of students’ achievement when they are asked to evaluate their own learning results and processes.

In German schools, following examples from Scandinavian countries and the USA, obligatory conversations between students, teachers and parents have been introduced as part of student assessment (Hackmann 1996; Maier 2010). Aim of these conversations as it is mentioned in the legislation is on the one hand to give feedback to the parents and the student on his achievement, on the other hand to plan following learning processes (HmbSG §44). The student is meant to be in the center of these meetings, speaking about his progress and needs in the role of the active subject and not only being object of teachers’ or parents’ evaluation.

So far very little research exists on the practice of these conversations. Existing data focuses on the cooperation of school and parents in the conversations (Fan & Chen 2001; Jeynes 2011). Quality standards for this kind of communication also have been formulated but do not especially consider the role of the student and the benefit for his learning (Neuenschwander et al. 2005).

In this paper student-teacher-parent conversations will be conceptualized as a means of self-regulated learning and so the focus will lie on the learning process stimulated by these conversations.

The paper examines the question to which extent these student-teacher-parent conversations contribute to self-regulated learning. It will be analyzed which self-regulated learning processes can be stirred by student-teacher-parent conversations and what is the effect of these conversations on students’ motivation. Therefore it draws especially on the learning goals formulated in the conversations, relating them to the underlying theory of self-regulated learning. Comparing the results to practices in Finland and Sweden (Markström 2013), it will be explored if there exist differences within the culture of learning referring to the degree of self-regulation not only in class but also in assessment.

 

Method

The study draws on qualitative and quantitative data. A sample of 268 students aged 14 of secondary schools in Germany have been asked to describe the content of the student-teacher-parent conversations and which learning goals have been set up. These data will be analyzed using qualitative content analysis according to Kuckartz (2012). Categories are derived from the theoretical background as well as established inductively out of the material itself. In addition quantitative parts of the questionnaire concerning questions of stimulation of motivation, general satisfaction with the conversation and the realization of the formulated goals will be used to conduct regression analyses. It is intended to analyze links between the quality of the formulated learning goals, the intention of realizing these goals, the degree of general satisfaction with the conversation and expected effects on motivation.

Expected Outcomes

A first result of the study will come out of the analysis of the formulated learning goals. Which aspects (regulation of the self, use and regulation of metacognitive strategies, use and regulation of cognitive learning strategies) do they refer to? These findings allow then to answer the question to which extent the practice of the student-teacher-parent conversations corresponds to a practice of self-regulated-learning as it is conceived in the literature. The concrete findings of the German sample can then be related to findings in other countries which already have a longer tradition of self-assessment as one element of self-regulated learning. In a second step the quality of the learning goals will be related to the students’ opinion on how realizable they consider the formulated goals. In this step it might become relevant who has formulated the learning goal – the student himself, the teacher, a parent or all in cooperation. A crucial question to be answered will then be how these results contribute to students’ motivation concerning the future learning processes.

References

Boekaerts M. (1999). Self-regulated learning: where we are today. In: International Journal of Educational Research 31 (6), 445-457. Fan, X. & Chen, M. (2001): Parental involvement and students’ academic achievement: A meta‐analysis. In: Educational Psychology Review, 13 (1), 1‐22. Hackmann, D.G. (1996): Student‐led conferences at the middle level: Promoting student responsibility. NASSP Bulletin. 80 (578), 31‐36. Das Hamburgische Schulgesetz: www.hamburg.de/bsb/schulgesetz/ 64412/start.html (20.01.2014). Jeynes, W.H. (2011): Parental involvement and academic success. New York, London: Routledge. Kuckartz, U. (2012).
 Qualitative Inhaltsanalyse. Methoden, Praxis, Computerunterstützung. Beltz Juventa. Maier, U. (2010). Formative Assessment – Ein erfolgversprechendes Konzept zur Reform von Unterricht und Leistungsmessung. In: Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft 13 (2), 293-208. Markström, A.M. (2013). Children´s perspectives on the relation between home and school. In: International Journal about Parents in Education 7(1), 43-56. Neuenschwander, M.P.; Balmer, T.; Gasser‐Dutoit, A.; Goltz, S.; Hirt, U.; Ryser, H. & Wartenweiler, H. (2005): Schule und Familie. Was sie zum Schulerfolg beitragen. Bern, Stuttgart, Wien: Haupt Verlag. Weinstein C.E. & Mayer, R.E. (1986). The teaching of learning strategies. In: M.C. Wittrock (Hrsg.). Handbook of research in teaching. New York: Macmillan, 315-327. Zimmerman, B.J. (2002). Becoming a self-regulated learner: An overview. In: Theory into Practice 41 (2), 64-70. Zimmerman, B.J. (1986). Becoming a self-regulated learner: Which are the key subprocesses? In: Contemporary Educational Psychology 11 (4), 307-313.

Author Information

Julia Häbig (presenting / submitting)
University of Hamburg, Germany

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