Don’t give up on me: Capturing the voices of young people at risk of exclusion
Author(s):
Julie Shaughnessy (presenting / submitting)
Conference:
ECER 2014
Format:
Paper

Session Information

05 SES 09, Combating School Droput

Paper Session

Time:
2014-09-04
11:00-12:30
Room:
B017 Anfiteatro
Chair:
Dolf van Veen

Contribution

This paper reports on a research project undertaken in 2012 with young people who were at risk from being excluded from school. The research specifically focused on capturing the voices of young people through video diaries to follow their narratives and provide an insight into their lived experiences of managing school and alternative education provision (AEP). The research is situated the English context where much evidence of late has focused on children at risk of exclusion from school and where there is limited research on the young person’s perspective (Hayden, 2009).

In the England early intervention for children struggling at school is offered through Alternative Education Provision (AEP) where the education of the young person operates beyond the school environments in informal learning settings, often offered through local authority provision and youth services. Informal education is recognised to support re-engagement and resilience in young people (Thomas, Vigurs, Suarez, Newman, Dickenson and Sinclair, 2008; OfSTED, 2008).

Greater interest in the voices of the young people themselves has been brought into sharper focus with the publication of the Children’s Commissioner Report in March 2012 ‘They never give up on you’, which reported on the experiences of 2000 young people at risk of exclusion, noting the vulnerability of particular groups in the education system – (boys, children receiving free school meals (FSM) ethnic minority groups and gypsy, roma and traveller children). Also, that the same young people are at risk of becoming not in employment, education or training (NEET) and becoming permanently excluded from school. This maps a depressing journey where lack of access to education increases the risk of children entering the criminal justice system (Hayden 2010, Daniels, Cole, Sellman, Sutton, Visser and Bedward, 2003). What this and other research has identified is that for many of these young people they are carrying complex needs and leading complex lives, ‘carrying baggage’. What issues are significant in these stories? How do young people cope with navigate their lives between school and alternative education provision (AEP) programmes? What is critical to their success? How do they develop resilience to re-engage with school programmes? 

Method

The focus of the research was for the young people to record their thoughts on being referred to a programme of alternative education provision. The research specifically targeted young people on the fringes of school (who were accessing AEP through youth services), where the aim was to encourage re-engagement with school rather than to seek a permanent alternative elsewhere. The project tracked the experience of the young people across the summer were the young people compiled a film (video diary) and at the end of this period reflected on this in an interview. For the purpose of this paper the focus will be on the video diary and interview of one young person but also triangulating these data with interviews from a teacher and a youth worker. The use of video diaries was for the young people to generate their own account without researcher intervention. Traditions within social research have used film to capture social phenomenon, notable examples include Buckingham and Willet (2009) who used video cameras to explore how families construct their domestic narratives. In a study exploring young people’s identities (GilJe, 2009) explored media practice and digital culture production. The complexity of using video as a methodological tool is raised by a number of writers (e.g. Stanczak, 2007; Haw and Hadfield, 2011; Thomson (ed), 2008; Dillon, 2009; Lomax and Casey, 1998; Buchwald, 2009). As Jewitt (2012) warns it is critical for the researcher to consider how the camera will observe and how the observation through the camera will be structured and mediated with the participants. The data was analysed using Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) to consider how the young person made sense of their personal and social world (Smith, 1996). Specific themes are highlighted relating resilience, identity, belonging and person hood and these will be discussed to consider the types of issues raised for interventions with at risk young people.

Expected Outcomes

The findings will consider the concept of resilience as framed within the psychological literature where the young person has the capacity and adaptation to deal with difficult or challenging circumstances (Masten, Best and Garmezy, 1990). The range of characteristics of resilience will be discussed in light developing approaches for working with at risk groups.

References

Brodie, I. and Morris, M. (2009). Improving educational outcomes for looked-after children and young people. London: Centre for Excellence and Outcomes in Children and Young People’s Services. Buchwald, Dorte (2009) ‘Video Diary Data Collection in Research with Children: An Alternative Method’, International Journal of Qualitative Methods 2009, 8 (1) 12-20 Children’s Commissioner Report (2012). ‘They never give up on you’. Office of the Children’s Commissioner School Exclusions Inquiry. London Daniels, H., Cole, T., Sellman, E., Sutton, J., Visser, J., with Bedward, J. (2003). Study of Young People Permanently Excluded from School. School of Education, University of Birmingham. (Department for Education and Skills Research Report RR405). London: DfES. Dillon, Lisette (2009) Self-narratives of children: using digital journals in AARE 2008 Conference Papers Collection, 30 November-4 December 2008, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane. Hayden, Carole (2009) ‘Deviance and violence in schools: a review of the evidence in England’ in International Journal of Violence and School – 9 – September 2009, pp8-35 Jefferies, A.L.; Hyde, R.S.; Bullen, P.R (2008) How it was for me…': First steps on our Learners' Journeys through HE Hatfield: University of Hertfordshire, STROLL project [online] Available from https://uhra.herts.ac.uk/dspace/bitstream/2299/3625/1/903461.pdf [Accessed 15/09/2012] Jewitt, Carey (2012) National Centre for Research Methods Working Paper: An introduction to using video for research London: Institute of Education Kilpatrick, R., McCartan, C., McKeown, P. with Gallagher, A. (2007) Out of the Box – Alternative Education Provision in Northern Ireland, Research Report No. 45 (Bangor: Department of Education). Masten, A., Best, K., and Garmezy, N. (1990). Resilience and development: contributions from the study of children who overcome adversity. Development and Psychopathology, 2, pp.425-444. OfSTED (2008). Good practice in re-engaging disaffected and reluctant students in secondary schools. Manchester. Ofsted. Report: 070255 Smith, J.A. (1996) ‘Beyond the divide between cognition and discourse: using interpretative phenomenological analysis in health psychology’, Psychology and Health, 11: 261–71 Thomas, J., Vigurs, C.A., Olicer, K., Suarez, B., Newman, M., Dickenson, K.,Sinclair, J. (2008). Target youth support: Rapid Evidence Assessment of effective early interventions for youth at risk of future poor outcomes. London:EPPI-Centre,IOE. Thomson (ed), 2008 Visual Research with Children and Young People, Oxon: Routledge

Author Information

Julie Shaughnessy (presenting / submitting)
University of Roehampton, London
Education
London

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