Session Information
22 SES 05 A, Inclusion and Diversity in Higher Education Settings
Paper Session
Contribution
The research examines the relationship between the growths of new private colleges in Israeli urban center around Tel-Aviv, This phenomenon integral to the "revolution in higher education" in Israel as it evolved in the last two decades (Yogev, 2007), and the phenomenon's influence on the formation of a urban Mizrahi-oriental Jews middle-class (Cohen & Leon, 2008). The oriental Jews community of immigrants from the Islamic countries who had arrived in Israel shortly after its establishment became collectively known as "Mizrahim", and used to be the unprivileged group.
The innovativeness of this research lies in its presentation of the links between new type of higher education institutions- privet colleges, less selective than the universities, located in the urban center of Israel, specialized in high prestige field of studies that strongly connected to middle class's employments (Goldthorpe, 1980) - law, economics, counting and communication. The establishment of new privet collages in Israel leads to a new opportunities for higher education in a lucrative field of study which promises a middle class positions. The consequences of this institutional opportunities arise the question whether it’s a case of MMI - Maximally Maintained Inequality (Raftery&Hout, 1993) or creating a new fraction of class system. The Israeli findings about the educational opportunities at the beginning of the expansion, 90' were consisting with the MMI theory. The upper and middle class students (usually, non Mizrahi), succeed better than the lower class students to attain the new institutional opportunities and the consequences were absolute growth in higher educational inequality between social class and ethnic groups
(Ayalon, Shavit, 2004).
In addition to this findings it is very important to re-evaluated these propositions in privet colleges in Israel according to resent years' data, around the question what is the contribution of this unique type of higher education institutions to the arising of new urban Mizrahi-oriental Jews middle-class and as a result to class mobility. The main hypothesis motivating the research stated that these processes contributed to the formation and crystallization of new institutional patterns as well as altered social stratification in Israel.
The innovativeness of this examinations is based on the link between higher education in lucrative field of study and the opportunities in labor market and its class structure's consequences.
In light of these events, the research focused on three research questions :
1. What is the academic, ethnic and socioeconomic background of 2010's students in a private college located in the urban center of Israel? Is it case of MMI or a case of a new fraction of class system?
2. Do the privet higher education institutions due to their particular characteristics create an academic truck to a new class "Urban Mizrahi-Middle-Class"?
Method
Expected Outcomes
References
Ayalon,H. Shavit,Y. (2004)."Educational Reforms and Inequalities in Israel: The MMI Hypothesis Revisited". Sociology of Education, 77(2): 103-120. Ayalon, H. Yogev, A. (2005). "Field of Study and Student Stratification in an Expanded System of Higher Education: The Case of Israel". European Sociological Review, 21: 227–241. Ayalon,H. (2007). "College Application Behavior: Who is Strategic? Does it Help?". Higher Education, 54(6):885-905. Braverman, H. (1974). Labor and Monopoly Capital: the degradation of work in the twentieth century, N.Y. Monthly Review Press. Collins, R. (1979). The Credential Society : An Historical Sociology of Education and Stratification. New York: Academic Press. Davies, S. and Guppy, N. (1997)." Fields of Study, College Selectivity, and Student Inequalities in Higher Education". Social Forces ,75(4):1417-1438. University of North Carolina: Press. Gilbert, D. and. Khal, J. (1987). The American Class Structure. Blemont: Wadsworth. Goldthorpe, John H.(1980). Social Mobility and Class Structure in Modern Britain, Calderon Press, Oxford. Gunn,S and Bell,R(2006). Middle Classes – Their Rise and Sprawl, Cassell Co. Stanley Aronowitz (2003). How Class Works – Power and Social Movement. Yele University Press, New Haven. pp. 12-91. Levine, A. (2001). "Privatization in Higher Education" .In Henry.M.Levin (Ed.), Privatizing Education:133-148. Boulder and Oxford: Westview Press. Menahem,G.(2008). "The Transformation of Higher Education in Israel since the 1990s: The Role of Ideas and Policy Paradigms". Governance,21(4):499-526. Raftery, Adrian E. and Hout, M. (1993).” Maximally Maintained Inequality: Expansion, Reform and Opportunity in Irish Education”. Sociology of Education, 66: 41-62, 75-191. Shwed, Uri, and Y. Shavit. 2006. “ The Occupational and Economic Attainments of College and University Graduates in Israel.” European Sociological Review, 22 (4): 431-442. Shavit,Y. Arum, R. Gamoran, A. Menachem,G (eds.) ( 2007). "Stratification in Higher Education": A Comparative Study. Stanford University Press. Yogev, A.(2007)."The Stratification of Students in Israeli Universities: Persist Outcomes of an Educational Expansion Policy". Higher Education, 54(5):629-645.
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