Social Media: A Greenhouse for Ethical and Moral Growth
Author(s):
Liselotte Eek-Karlsson (presenting / submitting)
Conference:
ECER 2012
Format:
Paper

Session Information

27 SES 03 A, Parallel Paper Session

Parallel Paper Session

Time:
2012-09-18
17:15-18:45
Room:
ESI 3 - Aula m
Chair:
Sheila Henderson

Contribution

The main aim of my presentation is to discuss how young people constitute their lifeworld in social media regarding moral acts, as well as how teachers’ upbringing assignment might has changed due to this development. Changes in society affect the views upon school and the assignments of teachers, but also what competences and abilities young people need to develop to be able to participate in a future democratic society (Durkheim, 1956, Dewey 1916/1999). Young people don’t separate the online and offline world. On the contrary they see one world with various arenas (Bradley, 2005). This means, these arenas affect not only one another, but it leads also to new demands and challenges in teachers’ upbringing assignment.

Our late-modern society is more permeable and fragmented than before. People have to make a whole range of choices, not just about aspects such as appearance and lifestyle, but more broadly about their life destinations and relationships. As a result, modern individuals have to be constantly “self-reflexive,” making decisions about what they should do and who they should be. These changes affects also the view upon moral development; it is less about mastering clear right and wrong answers and more about negotiating different social context (Bauman 1995, 2000, Giddens, 1979). It requires that the pupils reflect on what is right and what is wrong; he/she has to make a considered judgement, a judgement that is partly based on values. Online communication plays a critical role in young people's moral and social development for the face to face-world as well. Parallel the online world creates its own social context and forces young people to coordinate it with traditional social contexts and there emerging sense of morality (Bradley, 2005). The choices you make in social media are important because there is an openness which you can’t find in the same way offline.

This digital development raises many interesting questions and one of them deals with if and in that case in what way young people’s ethical and moral development is affected by these interactions in social media. The main purpose of this study is to put the light on and try to understand how young people’s lifeworld is constructed when the communication takes place in different kinds of social media, concerning moral acts. In my paper, I will relate these changing conditions for young people's moral development to the teachers' upbringing assignment from a didactic perspective.

From my point of view there is a need to develop and promote realistic understandings of pupils and digital technology if teachers are to play meaningful roles in current generations of young people. There is also time to wipe out the divide between the digital immigrant and native as just a post-modern myth. There is a reciprocity in the meeting of pupil-teacher. Pupils may know more about technology itself than teachers, but through their professionalism teachers are important in supporting young people’s moral development irrespective of where it takes place.   

Method

In order to find patterns, correlations and explanations of for instance group differences a questionnaire with closed and open answer alternatives were sent out. It was answered by 1700 pupils in grade 5 and 8 in compulsory school and grade 2 in upper secondary school. The quantitative data were coded and entered into the statistics program, SPSS. The open answers were categorized and formed a basis for the interpretation of the data in order to give the pupils a voice. To get a deeper understanding a new investigation was conducted. Group interviews with pupils in grade 8 (ongoing). In a conversational way the pupils describe their view upon their interactions in social media concerning moral acts. As an analytical tool Habermas (1998a, 1988b) theory of discourse ethics is used. He focuses on three kinds of rationalities in moral justifications; a pragmatical, en ethical and a moral discourse. He expresses that both cognitive skills to make this judgement as well as communicative skills to discuss values with others are needed. Acquiring skills to reflect on values is necessary for keeping a critical distance with regard to values, observing different perspectives, and making judgements on one’s own behaviour and others’ behaviour.

Expected Outcomes

Some of the questions I will discuss during my presentation are “what kind of abilities and skills do the pupil develop when communicating in social media?”, “what kind of moral knowledge can be related to this communication? “ and “to what extent the communication in social media affect the pupils view upon responsibility for each other?” Specifically I will highlight among other things the two cultures that emerged from the factor analysis; one harassing and one encouraging culture. Another important issue to raise is the pupils view upon their moral justifications. How do they justify their moral acts when they communicate in social media? The result shows that social media affect their moral acts in different ways. For example, the pupils get braver and the moral demarcation lines are challenged. As mentioned in the general description I will discuss these results in the light of a didactic approach.

References

Bauman, Zygmunt (1995). Life in fragemnts: essays in postmodern morality. Oxford: Blackwell. Bauman, Zygmunt (2000). Liquid Modernity. Camebridge:Polity. boyd, danah (2007). Why youth heart social network sites: The role of networked publics in teenage social life. I David. Buckingham (Edt.) Youth, identity, and digital media. Cambridge:MA: MIT Press. Bradley, Karen (2005). Internet lives: Social context and moral domain in adolescent development. In New Directions for Youth Development, (2005)108 Dewey, John. (1916/2004). Democracy and Education. Mineola, N.Y: Dover Publications. Durkheim, Émile. (1956). Education and sociology. New York: Free Press. Giddens, Anthony. (1979). Central problems in social theory. Action, Structure and Contradiction in Social analysis. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. Habermas, Jürgen. (1998a). On the pragmatics of communicatino. Cambridge: Mass.; London: MIT. Habermas, Jürgen. (1998b). Between facts and norms: contribution to a discourse theory of law and democracy. Cambridge: Mass.; London: MIT.

Author Information

Liselotte Eek-Karlsson (presenting / submitting)
Linnaeus University
Kalmar

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