Session Information
08 SES 07, Health Education in a Community and Lifelong Perspective
Paper Session
Contribution
This paper shows the life cycle at the core of the construction of strategies and designs in health education interventions. The aim is to highlight that life cycle model is well suited for designing health education interventions, because it is able to get a level of coherence and sequentiality that will produce greater effectiveness (Abrahamsson, et al., 2005; Alwin, 2005, 2012; Halfon, et al, 2014).
Life cycle is known as a valid construct in the review of human development, especially in health and wellness. It constitutes a framework that is emerging from recent years in the 20th century, but in which there is some controversy about the definition of terms involved in its construction. Life span, life course or life cycle, among others, could be contemplated as complementary elements, but each one brings a differentiating nuance. Those differences come due to the diverse approaches and visions that show the sciences which use them. Cofiño, et al., 2005; Cook, Mils & Lavender, 2011)
But we are mainly interested in the meaning of the progression of stages during a human life. On that basis, we consider that educational interventions should suit these assumptions:
Developmental nature of the human life and of the society in which he lives;
different behaviors of diverse agents implicated in the health area we are interesting in;
different human behaviors facing the same agent in the different stages of life cycle.
This vision of life cycle is clearly showed at smoking intervention, especially in pregnant women, because on this stage of the woman life tobacco is affecting the woman, the embryo, and the foetus. This foetus can become a girl (who would be protected against the passive habit of tobacco), then a teenager (who would be protected against a social environment that could be potentially causative of her smoking habit) and, finally, an adult, who could start a new cycle if he become a smoker expectant mother. (Hser, Longshore & Anglin, 2007; Ranking, 2000; Solomon & Quinn, 2004; Thornton, 2003; Wethington, 2005).
Other agents and social structures, which should be contemplated in health educational programs as cyclical factors, are implicated in this cycle. (Kaufman, 2012; Montes et al., 2002; Nebot et al., 2011; Pineault & Daveluy, 1987).
Method
Expected Outcomes
References
Abrahamsson, A.; Springett, J.; Karlsso, L. & Ottoson, T. (2005). Making sense of the challenge of smoking cessation during pregnancy: an approach. Health Education Research, 20, 367-378. Alwin, D.F. (2005). A life-span developmental perspective on social status and health. The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences. 67 (2), 206-220. Alwin, D.F. (2012). Integrating varieties of life course concepts. The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences. 67 (2), 206-220. Cofiño, R.; Alvarez, B; Fernández, S. & Hernández, R. (2005). Promoción de la salud basada en la evidencia: ¿realmente funcionan los programas de salud comunitarios? Atención Primaria, 35, 478-483. Cook, A.; Mils, T. A. & Lavender, T. (2011). Advanced maternal age: delayed childbearing is rarely a conscious choice. A qualitative study of women´s views and experiences. International Journal of Nursing Studies. Doi:10.1016/j.injnurstu.2011.07.13 Fernández-Ballesteros, R. (2001) Evaluación de programas . Una guía práctica en ámbitos sociales, educativos y de la salud. Madrid: Síntesis. Halfon, N.; Larson, K.; Lu, M.; Tullis, E. & Russ, S. (2014). Lifecourse health development: past, present and future. Maternal and Child Health Journal. 18(2), 344-365. Hser, Y.; Longshore, D. & Anglin, M.D. (2007) The lifecourse perspective on drug use: a conceptual framework for understanding drug use trajectories. Evaluation Review. 31(6), 515-547. Kaufman, C. (2012). Designing a nursing care plan for a life time. Nursing. 42(7), 54-60. Montes, G.; Morales, P.; Morales, M. I. & Blancac, V. (2002). Propuestas de adaptación de la cartera de servicios a la realidad actual. Atención Primaria, 29, 129-131. Nebot, M.; López, M. J.; Ariza, C.; Villalbí, J. R. & Garcia-Altés, A. (2011). Evaluación de la efectividad en la salud pública: fundamentos conceptuales y metodológicos. Gaceta Sanitaria, 25, 3-8. Pineault, R. & Daveluy, C. (1987). La planificación sanitaria. Concepto, métodos, estrategias. Barcelona: Masson. Ranking, S.H. (2000). Life-span development: refreshing a theoretical and practice perspective. Scholarly Inquiry for Nursing Practice, 14(4),379-388. Solomon, L. J. & Quinn, V. P. (2004). Spontaneous quitting: self-initiated smoking cessatoin in early pregnancy. Nicotine & Tobacco Research, 6, 203-216. Stake, R. (2006). Evaluación comprensiva y evaluación basada en estándares. Barcelona: GRAO. Stake, R. (2010). Investigación con estudio de casos. Madrid: Morata. Thornton, J.E. (2003). Life-span learning: a developmental perspective.International Journal of Aging and Human Development. 57(1), 55-76. Wethington, E. (2005). An overview of the life course perspective: implications for health and nutrition. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behaivor. 37 (3), 115-120.
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