Emotional Capital, Positive Psychology, Mindfull Teaching and Health Education: Which Links on Education Performance?
Author(s):
Bénédicte Gendron (presenting / submitting)
Conference:
ECER 2014
Format:
Paper

Session Information

08 SES 04 A, Health Education and Empowerment

Paper session

Time:
2014-09-03
09:00-10:30
Room:
B101 Sala de Aulas
Chair:
Kerttu Tossavainen

Contribution

In the context of changes or decreasing quality of life at school (violence, incivilities, stress, anxiety, depression), research on Health Education with its dialectic links between learning and health, that is, between educational processes and outcomes on the one hand, and health-promotion processes and outcomes on the other, suggests a frame to purpose radical alternatives and reconceptualize the school in itself. In this framework, the education of the “whole” person as the major clue, is urgently required today.  I.E. beyond general knowledge (“Savoirs”) and technical skills (“Savoir-Faire”), the role of Emotional Capital, referring to the set of emotional competencies (“Savoir-Etre”), is crucial at sustaining human capital constitution in a broad sense and person development and health (Gendron, 2004). Embedded in an interdisciplinary framework (as neuroscience, sociology, psychology, education and economics of HR), the Emotional Capital is a multi-level concept and approach (macro, meso, micro). The paper presented will be focused on the micro-level: the individual emotional capital, focused on personal health issues and well-being.

Topic: Developing emotional capital among children or adults learners belongs to the new challenges of education, which stresses out the importance of research on health education, to imagine dif­ferent educational models and alternatives to allow sustainable learning outcomes and future development to cope effectively with depression, anxiety, pressure at school and at work in a context of future uncertainty.

Broad and precised research issues and questions: Can interdisciplinary research can help at  imagining dif­ferent educational models and alternatives to consider not only physical well-being, academic score but also including mental, emotional and social aspects in the learning process models to allow a better sustainable person development? This is the challenge of this research. The economics model of emotional capital awarded at the French Academy in 2006, exploring socio-cultural and other contextual determinants on micro, meso and macro level, integrating psychology research outcomes, underlines that learning processes has to include emotional and affect dimensions, which obliges to revise the traditional patterns of teaching and educational curriculum and the return (calculation) of education as well.

Objective : This paper will be focus on the experimental research-action part of the global research developing emotional competencies among freshman students using tools from the positive psychology, the Mindfull and the Acceptance and Commitment Therapy/tTraining (ACT) on its return and impact on student well-being and performance.

From an interdisciplinary approach combining sciences of education, economic of human resources and positive psychology, it shows that emotional capital, developed via positive psychology tools, can improves the well-being and performance of learners which contributes to ensure sustainable education and person development.

Those outcomes on the returns of emotional capital find more and more echos in european educational programs and, explores the dynamic relations between education and health.

Conceptual and theoretical frames :

Emotional Capital: “set of resources (emotional competencies) that inhere to the person, useful for personal, professional and organizational developments which contribute to social cohesion and personal, economic and social successes”(Gendron,2008, p.7).”

Embedded on the theoritical framework of the emotional capital, this applied research mobilized a recent branch of psychology, E. M.Seligman and M. Csikszentmihalyi (2000),namely, positive psychology, that encompasses an approach to psychology from the perspective of healthy, successful life functioning like wellbeing and happiness, with an empirical grounding. Thus, this paper presents a framework by which positive psychological states may influence health and performance.

Method

Methodology or Methods/Research Instruments or Sources Used : Methodology of research : action-research based on an experimental protocole. Methodology of intervention : Mindfulness practice and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT): rooted in Buddhist principle, being employed in Western psychology to alleviate a variety of mental and physical conditions. Also, the educational adapted ACT non-therapy version of the same processes called Acceptance and Commitment Training has been provided to two groups of students (experimental and control groups) in care sector and to freshmen students of university. The methodology of intervention ACT is oriented towards the development of mindfulness, acceptance, and values skills in non-clinical settings which has also been investigated in a handful of research studies with good preliminary results. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy is a form of behavioral and cognitive therapy (Hayes, Steven C.; Kirk D. Strosahl, Kelly G. Wilson (1999). Research instrument of measurement : The experimental research uses psychological and biofeedback tests and measurements tools: Mindful Attention and Awareness Scale (MAAS): A 15-item, 7-point scale self-report instrument examining the role of mindfulness in the psychological well-being of people. Acceptance & Action Questionnaire II – AAQ-II: Internally measure of ACT’s model of mental health and behavioral effectiveness. EMG: Electromyography involves testing the electrical activity of muscles used for measuring anxiety. Cortisol /Saliva Test: measures of levels of the stress hormones. EQ-i2.0 - Emotional Quotient-Inventory: examines an individual's social and emotional strengths and weaknesses. Respondents self-report on their life and workplace performance in 15 key areas of emotional competencies.

Expected Outcomes

Embedded in an interdisciplinary framework, the Emotional Capital is a multi-level concept and approach (macro, meso, micro) but this paper presents the outcomes on the micro-level: the individual emotional capital, focused on personal health issues and well-being outcomes. Proficiency in emotional capital includes skilled management of internal emotions, external situations and relationships, and promotes self-performance and a better mental health for students, especially a higher resilience to stress. In particular, developing emotional capital can be helpful to teachers working in whose emotional experiences may differ from the culture of mainstream normal education and for freshmen students expose to a new life or care helpers facing stressful work events. To develop Emotional Capital at the individual level, Mindfulness and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) were used to train care helpers and freshmen students for a better resilience and performance. The research shows in global promising outcomes regarding most of the different test used, the psychological indicators and the biofeedback as well. Those premier results as previous outcomes supports the Emotional Capital as a real capital to invest into it since the early age to allow a sustainable development at different levels (macro, meso, micro levels). Those findings add to the growing empirical evidence regarding the positive impact of emotional competencies programs. Policy makers, educators, and the public can contribute to healthy development of learners by supporting the incorporation of evidence-based emotional competencies programming into standard educational practice.

References

Carlson, L. E., & Brown, K. W. (2005). Validation of the mindful attention awareness scale in a cancer population. J Psychosom Res, 58(1), 29 Gendron B. (2013), « Management des risques psychosociaux dans le monde du soin à partir du développement du capital émotionnel via les thérapies de l’Acceptation et de l’Engagement (ACT) et de la pleine conscience : Etude de cas du management du stress chez les apprenants aides-soignants en formation”, Traité de Psychologie Positive au travail, Bruxelles: De Boeck, pp.276-294. Gendron B. (2011), Emotional Capital, Mindfullness & Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT): Toward Happiness & Economics of Happiness, World Mental Health Congress, October, Cape Town, South Africa. Gendron B. (2011), Le développement du capital émotionnel au service du bien-être à partir de l’approche de la thérapie de l’acceptation et de l’engagement, in J. Lecomte et C Martin-Krumm, Traité de Psychologie positive, De Boeck. 442-456. Gendron (2011), Emotional capital and helps nurse resilience via ACT, Research Project, Working paper, University Montpellier 3, France. Gendron B. (2008), « Capital émotionnel et éducation », Dictionnaire de l’éducation, Van Zanten A., Paris: PUF. Gendron, B. (2007) Emotional Capital: A Crucial Capital for a Citizenship Society with Personal, Social and Economic Returns, in Ross, A. (ed) Citizenship Education in Society. London: CiCe, pp 401-416. http://learning.londonmet.ac.uk/cice/docs/2007_401.pdf Hayes, S.C., et al., Acceptance and commitment therapy: model, processes and outcomes. Behav Res Ther, 2006. 44(1): p. 1-25. Hayes, Steven C.; Kirk D. Strosahl, Kelly G. Wilson (1999). Acceptance and Commitment Therapy : An Experiential Approach to Behavior Change. The Guilford Press. Seligman, Martin E.P.; Csikszentmihalyi, Mihaly (2000). "Positive Psychology: An Introduction". American Psychologist 55 (1): 5–14.

Author Information

Bénédicte Gendron (presenting / submitting)
UNIVERSITY MONTPELLIER 3
SCIENCES OF EDUCATION
Montpellier

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