School leadership for Social Justice: balance between political leadership and effective leadership
Conference:
ECER 2014
Format:
Paper (Copy for Joint Session)

Session Information

07 SES 06 JS, Social Justice and Educational Leadership

Paper Session, Joint Session NW 07 and NW 26

Time:
2014-09-03
15:30-17:00
Room:
B007 Anfiteatro
Chair:
Gerry MacRuairc

Contribution

School is a privilege space to work with Social Justice. Leaders have an important role to get an education for Social Justice. Leaders have the potential to stop or allow politics to work for inclusion, integration and social cohesion. For this reason, developing inclusion culture for social justice, including assumptions, principles, values, and beliefs linked to the pedagogical action of the school is enhanced for successful leaders (Bogotch, 2002; Brown, 2004).

Previous studies have researched on what leaders do to work for Social Justice (Murillo et al., 2010). Some of those Social Justice leaders’ practices are:

i) Identity and articulate the school’s vision: leaders who get an inclusive school are those leaders who have a clear school vision and share it with their colleges, are able to show enthusiasm, and make good and correct decisions to bring it into reality (Marshall & Olivia, 2006; Ryan, 2006).

ii) Develop people: research findings shows that those leaders who makes the difference are those who are worried about implementation and launch activities for developing people. There are three different strategies: creating opportunities for development, providing individualized support, and providing a suitable benchmark (Kose, 2009).

iii) Contribute to strengthen an inclusive school culture: leaders have influence all over the organizational culture of the school through norms, beliefs, attitudes, practices and values. In the case of heterogeneous schools, generating an inclusive culture helps with the creation of values, beliefs and activities that contribute to a school by all, with all, and for the good of all (Ainscow & Kugelmass, 2005; Kugelmass, 2003; Muijs et al., 2007; Riester, Pursch, & Skrla, 2002; Walker et al., 2005).

iv) Increased attention will be given to improving the quality of teaching and learning

levels: successful leaders in heterogeneous schools keep their attention to improve teaching, and help teacher to do their work better (Walker et al., 2005).

v) Support the creation of professional learning community: successful leaders in heterogeneous schools promote shared community identity or a shared sense of responsibility among the school: teachers, students, and their families (Ainscow & Kugelmass, 2005; Walker et al., 2005; Ryan, 2006).

vi) Promote collaboration between school and parents, encouraging the development of educational culture in the family (Walker et al., 2005; Harris y Chapman, 2002).

At the same time, it is also interesting to highline what are those factors which are related, according the research, with principals who lead inclusive schools (Dotger & Theoharis, 2008, Salisbury & McGregor, 2005; Villa, Thousand, Stainback, & Stainback, 1992): They take risks, invest in relationships and are visible, reflective, collaborative and intentional. 

However, only a few studies have focused on the origin of principal’s social commitment and their search for social justice 

This research aims to understand the behavior of school leaders for social justice through their life stories.

processes at all 

Method

To achieve the above mention objectives posed a Biographical-Narrative Study has been developed that enables to understand the behaviour of leaders for social justice from their life stories. Four leaders for Social Justice were studied. The selection criterion was that they are the running four schools, all public and located in disadvantaged socio-economic environments and with a clear commitment with social justice. Two of them were Secondary Schools and two Primary Schools. Two are large schools, and the other two small ones. Although this paper only describe two of them, the most prototypical Some of the categories of analysis of the study are: Features of the principals; Personal and family history; Previous educational experiences; Leadership Practices in terms of identification and articulation of the school vision; Teacher development , strengthening the inclusive school culture, focusing on the improvement of teaching and learning, Promoting the establishment of Professional Learning Communities; Fostering collaboration between the Information will be gathered through a series of narratives Biographical interviews with a number of instruments such as non participant observation of leadership practices as the school dynamics and school culture; Interviews semi structured from various key informants involved: the school Principal, Heads of department, responsible of parents associations

Expected Outcomes

From the four analysed the four principals, two are prototypical due to their characteristics and justify a specific look: Political leadership. One of analysed principals has all the characteristics of a political leader with a great social commitment to their students and their school, but also to their neighbourhood and to society. In fact it is not only the leader of the school, but he is the leader of the schools of his area. He is the principal of a large high school, located in a poor neighbourhood in southern Madrid. The secondary school is cohesive, innovative and with a strong commitment with students. The principal has shown the character of social leader from his youth being a student leader at college, and keeping a consistency lifestyle (vegetarian, support a Green Party ...). In fact it is a clear case of his commitment to social justice led him to become a teacher and school principal. Effective Leadership The other case is a principal of a secondary school located near a deprived area and students who live in the lower class with other more wealthy social class. It is a school with good achievement and regarded as successful in the area. The school is characterized by having all the characteristics of an successful school: tidy, with a good climate, collaborative work, good curriculum, concerns about academic issues ... combined with a strong social commitment and a focus on equity and justice that frames all decisions. The school is a reflection of how the principal is. She has a strong leadership based on the compliance and maintenance of good environment, strong leadership but a strong social commitment. Her life story shows us a tough childhood, schooled being a child in a boarding school where she had to survive and to cope with adversity. That early experience forged her a strong character. She is dutiful, system

References

Ainscow, M., & Kugelmass, J. (2005). Leading inclusive schools: a comparison of practices in three countries. Journal of Research in Special Needs Education, 4(3), 3-12. Bogotch, I. (2002). Educational leadership and social justice: Practice into theory. Journal of School Leadership, 12(2), 138 – 156. Brown, K.M. (2004). Leadership for social justice and equity: Weaving a transformative framework and pedagogy. Educational Leadership Quarterly, 40 (1), 77-108. Dotger, B.H., & Theoharis, G.T. (2008). From Disposition To Action: Bridging Moral/Ethical Reasoning and Social Justice Leadership. Values And Ethics In Educational Administration, 6(3). Harris, A., & Chapman, C. (2002). Democratic Leadership for School Improvement in Challenging Contexts. International Electronic Journal for Leadership in Learning (IEJLL), 6(9). Kose, B.W. (2009). The Principal's Role in Professional Development for Social Justice: An Empirically-Based Transformative Framework. Urban Education, 44(6), 628 - 663. Kugelmass, J.W. (2003). Inclusive Leadership; Leadership for Inclusion. Nottingham: National College for School Leadership (NCSL). Kugelmass, J., & Ainscow, M. (2004). Leadership for inclusion: a comparison of international practices. Journal of Research in Special Education Needs, 4(3), 133-141. Marshall, C., & Olivia, M. (2006). Building the Capacities of Social Justice Leaders. In C. Marshall & M. Olivia (Eds.), Leaders for Social Justice: Making Revolutions in Education. Boston: Allyn & Bacon. Muijs, D. et al. (2007). Every Child Matters. Leading under pressure: leadership for social inclusion. Nottingham: National College for School Leadership (NCSL) Murillo, F.J., Krichesky, G., Castro, A., & Hernández Castilla, R. (2010). Liderazgo para la Inclusión y la Justicia Social. Revista Latinoamericana de Educación Inclusiva, 5(1). Riester, A., Pursch, V., & Skrla, L. (2002). Principals for social justice: Leaders of school success for children from low-income homes. Journal of School Leadership,12(3), 281-304. Ryan, J. (2006). Inclusive Leadership and Social Justice for Schools. Leadership and Policy in Schools, 5, 3–17. Salisbury, C. y McGregor, G. (2005). Principals of Inclusive Schools. Tempe, AR: National Institute for Urban School Improvement. Villa, R., Thousand, J., Stainback, W. y Stainback, S. (1992). Restructuring for Caring and Effective Education: An Administrative Guide to Creating Heterogeneous Schools. Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes. Walker, A., Dimmock, C., Stevenson, H., Bignold, B., Shah, S., & Middlewood, D. (2005). Effective Leadership in Multi-Ethnic Schools. Nottingham: National College for School Leadership (NCSL).

Author Information

Reyes Hernández-Castilla (presenting / submitting)
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
F. Javier Murillo (presenting)
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain

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