Authors of the article deal with the issue of position of Roma national minority in Slovak republic with emphasis on the position of Roma pupils and students in school system. Importance of this issue is crucial as Roma minority is constantly growing in number. Authors consider the position of Roma population as problematic and they concur that a basic problem of Roma ethnic group and a common “original cause” of their many difficulties (long-term marginalization and poverty) in their life is their low educational level despite the strong (and financial) support of state. Article is focused on analysis of specific features of education of Roma children within context of provisions for Roma children such as teacher’s assistant and establishing “the zero grade” for Roma pupils in schools in Slovakia, which are considered to be important factors in the process of positive influence on school achievement of pupils coming from socially disadvantaged and educationally less stimulating environment in nursery schools, basic schools and special basic schools. Solution of this situation lies in better preparation and education of pedagogical employees of schools and school facilities in all types and degrees of educational system of Slovak republic by means of their continual, specialized, whole life training.