Session Information
16 SES 02 B, ICT and Language Teaching and Semantic Encoding
Paper Session
Contribution
Many educators claim that the aim of formal education is to transfer information from one context to another (Halpern, 1998). Transfer is about how previous learning actions effect learning today and in the future and how the learning of the past and today are adapted to similar and new situations (Haskell, 2000). Although it is a proven fact that school life provides individuals some basic information and skills with different methods such as writing, reading and questioning and increases the intelligence of individuals, it is emphasized that it is insufficient in transfer support. Standard tests made on transfer and laboratory conflictions demonstrate that learning transfer is difficult (NSF, 2002). This has led the researchers to understand the transfer process (Cheng, & Hamspon, 2007).
Studies on transfer increase day by day and the scope expands.Experimental studies on transfer were started in the beginning of 20th century (Judd, 1908; Thorndike & Woodworth, 1901). Thorndike supported that transfer occurs in identical situations. According to Skinner (1953), transfer includes the generalization of reactions between two distinguishing effects. After the cognitive revolution, mental symbolic presentation concept was started to be used instead of similar qualities concept (Lobato, 2006). Schunk (2009) emphasized that transfer is a very important element for learning, generally including complex cognitive operations. Cognitive concepts covered in learning emphasize the complexity of transfer operation (Phye, 2001). Although the transfer of simple level skills can be made automatically, many transfers require high level cognitive skills. Transfer is a basic concept in learning in terms of both the process and the result. It helps learning by making information receiving, storage, processing and preservation stages easier.
With the transfer of studies for the development of learning-teaching process into this area with the increasing of information about human cognition, the analysis of transfer of learning in light of cognitive data has become necessary. Gick and Holyoak (1980) stated that transfer takes place when the students match a new situation they come across with schemes coded before and find suitable solutions. So transfer depends completely on information recorded and encoded before. Transfer takes place when information and productions are connected to different contents in long-term memory. In this context, it is important to consider how transfer performance, information coding was carried out.
As many studies were made and are still made on learning transfer in traditional learning platforms, transferability of learning both in e-learning and e-learning platforms has revealed a new research area with the reflection of technological developments on learning platforms. Bonk and Reynolds (1997) stated that these platforms should be organized in a way to create a connection between past and new learning of individuals in order to provide high-level of thinking on web platform. There are two restrictions making the transfer in e-learning platforms more difficult. The first is lack of guidance in to make learning transfer and the second is lack of satisfactory care for platform design. Factors effecting learning transfer in platform design should be considered to be successful in e-learning (Chan, Tsai, & Huang, 2006; Chen, Huang, & Chu., 2005; Kabassi & Virvou, 2003; Zhu, 2007).
The aim of this research is to examine the effect of semantic encoding strategies training to be provided in e-learning platform on near and far transfer performances of the students. There is a close connection between recalling information from long-term memory and encoding. Transfer of learning is effected both by recalling and semantic encoding performance. As the effect of encoding on transfer performance is examined for this reason in the research, recalling performance was controlled and individuals with similar recalling performances were included in the research.
Method
Expected Outcomes
References
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