Éducation et Sociétés, international journal of sociology of education has to follow the political and scientific trends of French-speaking countries which share the same language and some cultural traditions but through notable and different histories. These differences can be found today according to the way societies face the issue of the restructuring of the State in a climate of crisis of the Welfare State and globalization. To seize the varieties of situations, the editorial board had to elaborate a conceptual framework. All political constructions are confronted to a plurality of principles of justice to support some choices. How to build a compromise between these differences: redistribution, performance, respect of differences, well being of children? It was the focus of the policies of the Third Way in the UK: it is today a large movement of back to politics after the technocratic drifts of this policy. The follow-up of this movement structures the political and scientific orientation of the journal. There are some other topics, like the implementation of Lifelong Learning or the emergence of the post-comprehensive school but this main line is a good example of the epistemological vigilance required to develop a conceptualization above national contexts.