Whereas the Austrian VET system is often identified with the German Dual System, is has rather to be seen as a hybrid system that comprises a strong VET full-time schooling track beneath apprenticeship. These tracks are governed by different frameworks, a classical centralized bureaucracy in the full-time school track, and a corporatist system in apprenticeship. The quality strategies differ fundamentally between the two. In the school sector a comprehensive system has been set up, based on the EQARF, that tries to deal productively with the different levels, national, regional, and local, primarily by setting up different layers, and providing freedom to actors to sign in. In the apprenticeship sector, quality issues are a strongly contested terrain, which are tackled very reluctantly by policies. Instruments are mainly focused around financial support of enterprises that are partly made conditional on the progress of the apprentices, and towards the success at the examinations. The research about the Austrian policies and quality strategies can be contrasted to the Norwegian experience, where similar problems with the institutional difference between school and apprenticeship occur. In apprenticeship the differences of the regulation systems and how they affect the quality strategies seem to be an important point.