Description: This study is based on empirical observations over four years between 2001 and 2005 in a primary school of Baden-Württemberg and will describe and evaluate learners' learning process in relationship to teaching. We will determine what the foreign language competences of the children consist of and how they develop. Thus this study, based on an explorative-inductive process, shall give us a possibility to describe which kind of competences the children can achieve and which processes can be observed. The research of language learning in primary school represents an important approach and it is of essential importance because it starts at the first class. Empirically justified insights will show how the early language acquisition of children is developing. The following questions are interesting and will be particularly considered in this study: How do the learners of a 2nd language understand spoken French and get along in communication? Under which interactive conditions does acquisition of language probably take place? Are there favourable conditions or not, which support language acquisition? Are special contents particularly promoting acquisition of language? Which roll does the teacher-pupil-interaction play?