The aim of this study was to investigate the influences on attitudes towards chemistry of high school students in Turkey, and suggest a model that includes students' motivation, students' self efficacy, and students' attitudes towards chemistry with respect to related literature. Research studies in science education field show that science learning cannot be explained only by cognitive factors. Affective factors should also be taken into account, and among the affective variables, attitude is an important one (Koballa & Glynn, 2004). In the literature, there are many definitions of the term "attitude": Attitude is the predisposition of the individual to evaluate some symbol or object or aspect of his world in a favorable or unfavorable manner. It includes the affective, or feeling core of liking or disliking, and the cognitive, or belief, elements which describe the effect of the attitude, its characteristics, and its relations to other objects" (Dawes, 1972), "Attitude is a predisposition to respond positively or negatively to things, people, places, events, or ideas" (Simpson, Koballa, & Oliver, 1994). Since attitude was defined as a general and enduring positive or negative feeling about some person, object, or issue, the sentences such as: "I love science", "I hate my science teacher", "Science experiences are wonderful" reflect attitudes toward a person, an object, or issue (Koballa and Glynn, 2004). Moreover, motivation is another affective variable that affects students' learning. In general, motivation was defined as an internal state and condition - sometimes described as a need, desire or want - that serves and activate or energize behavior and give it direction. In other words, some of the definitions of motivation can be stated as; "the internal state and condition that activate behavior and gives it direction" (Kleinginna & Kleinginna, 1981). Franken (1994) added some concepts to these definitions: the arousal, direction, and persistence of behavior. In addition to these, self-efficacy which was defined as "people's judgments of their capabilities to organize and execute courses of action required to attain designated types of performances" (Bandura, 1986) is the another affective domain that many recent research studies interested in (Dalgety, Coll, and Jones, 2003; Andrew, 1998; Baldwin, Elbert-May, and Burns, 1999). Also, a wealth of research findings indicate that self-efficacy correlates with achievement outcomes (Bandura, 1997; Schunk, 1995).In this study, a scale which include attitude toward chemistry as a school subject, self-efficacy , and motivation dimensions was used as instrument. A linear structural model was analyzed to explore the factors that were influential in explaining students' attitudes towards chemistry. The structural equation model contained four exogenous constructs - students' self efficacy, students' perception of failure in chemistry, given importance to chemistry by students and parents, and students out of school activities - and two endogenous constructs - students' motivation and students' attitudes towards chemistry.The results showed that students' self-efficacy, students' perception of failure in chemistry, given importance to chemistry by students and parents, and students' out of school activities have direct and indirect influences on students' motivation and attitudes towards chemistry. And also, students' motivation and students' attitudes affected each other with respect to our model.Andrew, S. (1998). Self-efficacy as a predictor of academic performance in science. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 27, 596-603. 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Lederman (Eds.), Handbook for Research in Science Education. Mahwah, NJ: Earlbaum. Schunk, D. H. (1995). Development of strategic competence through self-regulation of attributions. The Annual Meeting of the American Psychological Association. Simpson, R. D., Koballa, T. R., & Oliver, J. S. (1994). Research on affective dimension of science learning. In D. Gabel (Eds), Handbook of Research on Science Teaching and Learning, pp. 211-234. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company. After presenting this study in this conference, we intend to sent it an international journal with respect to recommendations that will be made in this conference.