Almost all (95%) young adolescents claim to be “fairly or strongly in favor” of gender equality (INJUVE, 2012), scientific studies shows the prevalence and harm of sexism (Friedman and Leaper, 2010; Herrera, Exposito and Moya, 2012; Ovejero, Yubero, Larrañaga and Navarro, 2013). Also, in recent years the hostile sexism has evolved into more subtle forms of sexism, benevolent sexism, attitudes more tolerated by men and women. The present study focuses on Ambivalent Sexism Theory (Glick and Fiske, 1996, 1999). Sexism upholds power and a clear male identity with respect to women, which places men in advantageous position with respect to women (Lemus, Castillo, Moya, Padilla and Ryan, 2008.). In this line, several studies have found that boys obtained higher rates in hostile sexism than girls (Glick and Fiske, 1996, Pearson, 2009; Garaigordobil and Aliri, 2012). However, differences are absent between males and females with respect to BS (Lemus et al., 2008; Carretero, 2011). In addition, Glick and Hilt (2000) argue that, with age, adolescents become more aware of the injustice of sexism, and this is corroborated by several studies (Lemus et al., 2008). Likewise, it has been observed that students of private schools have obtained better results in sexism (Aliri, Garaigordobil and Martinez-Valderrey, 2013). The goal in this study is to determine the differences presented in both hostile sexism and benevolent sexism by adolescents, by sex, according the school year (first phase of compulsory secondary education and the second phase of compulsory secondary education), and the type of school, public or private.

Aliri, J., Garaigordobil, M., y Martínez-Valderrey, V. (2013). Sexismo y características del centro escolar: diferencias en función del tipo de centro. Revista de Investigación Educativa, 31(2), 349-360. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/rie.31.2.159191 Carretero, R. (2011). Sexo, sexismo y acoso escolar entre iguales. Revista Complutense de Educación, 22(1), 27-43. Retrieved from http://revistas.ucm.es/index.php/RCED/article/view/36565 Friedman, C., & Leaper, C. (2010). Sexual-minority college women’s experiences with discrimination: Relations with identity and collective action. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 34(2), 152–164. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-6402.2010.01558.x Garaigordobil, M., & Aliri, J. (2012). Parental socialization styles, parents educational level, and sexist attitudes in adolescence. The Spanish Journal of Psychology, 15(2), 592-603. doi: 10.5209/rev_SJOP.2012.v15.n2.38870 Glick, P., & Fiske, S. (1996). The ambivalent sexism inventory: differentiating hostile and benevolent sexism. Journal of personality and social psychology, 70(3), 491-512. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.70.3.491 Glick, P., & Fiske, S. T. (1999). The Ambivalence Toward Men Inventory: Differentiating hostile and benevolent beliefs about men. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 23(3), 519-536. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-6402.1999.tb00379.x Glick, P., & Hilt, L. (2000). From combative children to ambivalent adults: The development of gender prejudice. In T. Eckes y M. Trautner (Eds.), Developmental social psychology of gender (pp. 243-272). Mahwah, New Jersey: Erlbaum. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/619461548?accountid=14777 Herrera, M. C., Expósito, F., & Moya, M. (2012). Negative reactions of men to the loss of power in gender relations: Lilith vs. Eve. The European Journal of Psychology Applied to the Legal Context, 4(1), 17-42. Retrieved from http://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=3786951 INJUVE (2012a). Cambios y persistencias en la igualdad de género de los y las jóvenes en España (1990-2010). Ministerio de Sanidad, Servicios Sociales e Igualdad, Gobierno de España. Retrieved from http://www.injuve.es/sites/default/files/2012/42/publicaciones/estudio%20cambios%20igualdad%20genero.pdf Lemus, S., Castillo, M., Moya, M., Padilla, J. L., y Ryan, E. (2008). Elaboración y validación del Inventario de Sexismo Ambivalente para Adolescentes. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 8(2), 537-562. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/621968594?accountid=14777 Ovejero, A., Yubero, S., Larrañaga, E., y Navarro, R. (2013). Sexismo y comportamiento de acoso escolar en adolescentes. Psicología Conductual, 21(1), 157-171. Retrieved from http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Sexismo+y+comportamiento+de+acoso+escolar+en+adolescentes.-a0328944073 Pearson, C.T. (2009). Predictors of sexist attitudes in a mexican american adult sample: a test of Glick and Fiske’s ambivalent sexism theory. (Order No. 3372378, Fielding Graduate University). ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, 233. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/622205009?accountid=14777(622205009;%202010-99060-537)