Professional Self-Esteem And Professional Development Of Unemployed People

Session Information

01 SES 05.5 PS, General Poster Session

General Poster Session

Time:
2014-09-03
12:30-14:00
Room:
Poster Area A (between B030 - B036)
Chair:

Contribution

The current labor market requires people to have a number of abilities, skills and competencies that enable rapid and adequate social and labor adaptation to new market demands. Within these demands, the professional self-esteem means a major pillar to achieve success in today's labor market. So, the lower the self-esteem of individuals when seeking employment, the greater difficulty in overcoming the obstacles that they should face during their professional development. Thus, people with low self-esteem had less aspirations and labor achievements compared to those with high self-esteem who would face in an easier way the difficulties that may arise. According to Coopersmith (1981: 31), "people with high self-esteem remain constant images of their abilities and / or skills, play a more active role in their social groups and express their views frequently and with affectivity." Therefore having a high level of self-esteem contribute to positively overcome all the obstacles and difficulties that may arise throughout their life, because attitude and positive aptitude when facing a problem will increase chances of success.

People with low self-esteem feel insecure, has no confidence in their own potential and they are afraid of making a mistake. Sheeman (2000: 29) argues that "a person with low self-esteem is usually someone insecure, has no self confidence in their abilities and do not want to make decisions for fear of making mistakes. They also need the social approval because they feel inferior”. People with low self-esteem have greater difficulties to develop themselves in all aspects of their lives because their low self- esteem determines a negative attitude when overcoming various obstacles and solve different problems. They do not have confidence in themselves either, causing them to feel inferior to others, resulting in great insecurity and, as a consequence, difficulty in making their own decisions.

Professional self-esteem is a major factor to be taken into account in the professional career of unemployed people due to the unfavorable labor situation, social inequality and economic uncertainty. For Vidal (2003) professional self-esteem "means features as self-reliance, creativity, ability to interact with others, and to be sure obout personal goals" and, according to Echeverría (1991:88), professional self-esteem is related to the "sense of industriousness," defined as "the activation of the creative potential of young people, which will lead to make things right, to be satisfied and all of these, in the company of the people around them". He also highlights the importance of having a positive self-esteem in the professional field, in order to achieve a better perception of reality, better interpersonal communication, better stress tolerance and better adaptability to changes.

This research has tried to understand how this factor influences the processes of job search and labor market integration to the unemployed. For that, we have established the following research objectives:

  1. Analyze how unemployed people see themselves.
  2. Identify profiles of low and high professional esteem in unemployed people.
  3. Study the attitudes that unemployed people have in relation to employment.
  4. Know the expectations of unemployed people in relation to finding a job soon.

Method

In order to respond to the objectives of this work, a study with a sample of people who were unemployed was carried out. Specifically, subjects participating in this study were 97, divided by gender as follows: 54 women (54.7%) and 42 men (44.3%). In terms of labor characteristics of the sample, 39.1% of people claimed to have worked over 8 years, while 26.1% had played his professional career between 4 and 8 years. Finally, 17.4% reported having done so less than 3 years. In this study a descriptive method was followed using a questionnaire as instrument to collect data. It was an ad hoc questionnaire adapted to the characteristics of the sample to which it was addressed. The "Professional Self-Esteem Questionnaire" (CAP, in its Spanish acronym) was composed of a total of 11 items in 2 open-ended questions, 3 dichotomous questions, 3 multiple choice questions and 3 Likert scales organized around four dimensions: professional self-concept (1), professional self-esteem (2), motivation and attitudes (3) and job search expectations (4). This data collection tool was subjected to several validation procedures to check reliability. More specifically, one test (n = 3) was performed to determine matters relating to the content. Another test (n = 2) was used with the intent to analyze the types of questions, the scales to be used, the possible statistical analysis, etc. Finally, a pilot testing (n = 10) was carried out to assess the time of test administration, the interpretation and understanding of the items, etc. This procedure improved the research tool so we can apply in the instrument those corrections that were considered necessary to guarantee reliability and thus respond to the research objectives and reach valid conclusions. The Cronbach's alpha yielded a value of α =, 806, indicating high internal consistency to measure the dimensions and variables of the instrument. The data obtained through this questionnaire were analyzed using the appropriate statistical of the software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS 17.0) program for Microsoft Windows 7. Specifically, frequency and percentage analysis was used.

Expected Outcomes

The results of this research reveal that participants in this study have adequate self- concept that can benefit their job search. In this sense, they are people who accept criticism and it is considered as having a positive attitude towards the difficulties and good skills for teamwork. In addition, they declared that they were able to achieve their personal goals because of the capacity of personal exigency they had. In terms of professional self-esteem of unemployed participants in the research, the highlighted subject is that they were interested on work tasks, they have self-confidence and were able to assume professional responsibilities and potential risks at workplace, making the decisions that were necessary in a fast and efficient way. These were people who saw problems as opportunities and they had aspirations and expectations of improving their employability. For the unemployed, the job was one of the most important aspects in their life development. In this sense, they understood how important it was to be informed about the labor market situation. In addition, people were persistent in the task of finding employment and considered to have no difficulty finding a job, mainly because they were in a continuous active search and because they had the necessary training required by the labor market. However, those who indicated having less chance of finding a job also indicated that was mainly due to the current economic situation and the lack of professional qualification. As main conclusions of the study, it is noteworthy that most of the interviewed appraise their personal worth so that facilitate the job search and maintain high expectations for the transition to working life. From the perspective of the respondents, the main reason that they do not have a job lies in the current economic crisis affecting the labor market.

References

Coopersmith, S. (1981). Inventario de autoestima. En: Espejo, J. (1998). Cómo mejorar la autoestima en los niños de educación primaria (185). Ed. San Marcos. Echeverría, B. (1991). Actitudes de los jóvenes ante el trabajo. En Actas de las VI Jomadas de Orientación Escolar y Profesional. Madrid: Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (CIDE). Sheeman, E. (2000). Cómo mejorar tu autoestima. Ed. Océano. Madrid. Vidal, L. (2005). La autoestima en las empresas. Consultado en www.gestiopolis.com el 19 de Enero de 2014.

Author Information

David López Aguilar (submitting)
University of La Laguna, Spain
University of La Laguna, Spain

Update Modus of this Database

The current conference programme can be browsed in the conference management system (conftool) and, closer to the conference, in the conference app.
This database will be updated with the conference data after ECER. 

Search the ECER Programme

  • Search for keywords and phrases in "Text Search"
  • Restrict in which part of the abstracts to search in "Where to search"
  • Search for authors and in the respective field.
  • For planning your conference attendance, please use the conference app, which will be issued some weeks before the conference and the conference agenda provided in conftool.
  • If you are a session chair, best look up your chairing duties in the conference system (Conftool) or the app.