The restoration of 《civic education》 on Educational Reforms of the 1980s in France

Author(s):

Naoko Furihata

Conference:

ECER 2009

Network:

21. Emerging Researchers' Group (for presentation at Emerging Researchers' Conference)

Format:

Paper

Session Information

SES D9, Pre Conf Parallel Session

Time:

2009-09-25

15:00-16:30

Room:

HG, HS 33

Chair:

Gjert Langfeldt

Contribution

The main purpose of this study is to clear why 《civic education》was restored on Educational Reforms of the 1980s in France. The citizenship education becomes an important research agenda today. Since the period of low growth in the early 1970s, the French Republic has been forced to transform from a traditional republicanism. As the immigration issue showed, the social and political situation in France at that time has been gotten into a situation where an egalitarian idea that all people were universal citizens could not be endured. When the French republic itself has been forced to change, how have they fostered citizens in schools? Thus, in France, it has been thought that fostering the citizens at the school supports the French Republic till then. Thereby, in this study, I will try to obtain the clue to draw the development of the citizenship educational policy in France since the 1980s. To attain such goals, three main points of view will be examined; (a) the historical and social context at that time, (b) the political factors, and (c) the educational arguments. Particularly, I will focus on the relation between (b) and (c); the political process is examined about the restoration of 《civic education》. Thereby, it might be cleared that what kinds of the policy intentions were converted into tangible forms in the curriculum guidelines. The current of neo-liberalism, to which it gained power in the 1980s, has had various influences on the education in advanced nations. And, it has given birth to the big difference of response between liberalism in the Anglo-Saxon countries including the United States and republicanism of France. The comparison between liberalism of such American type and republicanism of a French type is the theoretical framework in this study.

Method

To analyze various factors of the restoration of 《civic education》in France of 1980s, as the angle to analyze it, I would like to adopt theoretical framework of Debray(1989); 《République》/《Démocratie》. To put it simply, 《République》 is a traditional republicanism in France, and 《Démocratie》 is a liberalism in the Anglo-Saxon countries including the United States. By this theoretical framework of 《République》 and 《Démocratie》, three main points of view, as mentioned above, will be examined ; (a)the historical and social context at that time, (b)the political factors, and (c)the educational arguments. And, the logic of the restoration of 《civic education》is able to be explained. As the research sources, I will use books of the persons who led 《civic education》 policy, data about statements of them, and policy papers.

Expected Outcomes

This study is expected to find out the relation three main points of view; (a) the historical and social context at that time, (b) the political factors, and (c) the educational arguments. In particular, it is focused on not only the philosophy of persons who got involved in a 《civic education》 policy at that time but also the political process about the restoration of 《civic education》. Thereby, it is expected to add multilateral and detailed analysis, and to consider the possibility of not only a citizenship education of Anglo-American type but also a citizenship education of French republican type.

References

Arrêté du 23 avril 1985, B.O., No.21(23/05/1985). Arrêté du 14 novembre 1985, B.O., No.44(12/12/1985) Chevènement, Jean-Pierre.(1983)“La gauche peut professer sans complexe un nationalisme non chauvin”, Le Monde de L’Éducation, No.97, pp.46-47. Chevènement, Jean-Pierre.(1985a) Le pari sur l’intelligence, (Entretiens avec Hamon et Rotman), Paris :Flammarion. Chevènement, Jean-Pierre.(1985b) Apprendre pour entreprendre, Paris : Librairie Générale Française. Debray, Régis.(1989)“Etes-vous démocrate ou républicain？”, Le Nouvel Observateur, 30 novembre-6 décembre., pp.49-55. France,Médiateur de la République.(1985) 12e Rapport du Médiateur au Président de la République et au Parlement. et les actes du colloque sur le civisme：être citoyen 1984, Direction des journaux officiels. Higuchi, Yoichi.(1994)Constitutional theory of the modern nation-state, Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press. Ishido, Tsuneyo(1987)The one that exists in basis of "School discussion" of France, in Bulletin of JCES, No.13, pp.76-84. Ishido, Tsuneyo.(1988)Educational reform and educational theory, Recent French educational reform, 1986-1987 year report of the Ministry of Education KAKENHI Grant-in-Aid for Comprehensive Research(A), pp.5-23. Ishido, Tsuneyo.(1989)Logic and structure of the citizenship nurture education, Comparative education, No.15, Tokyo: Toshindo Publishing, pp.2-28. Iwamoto, Isao (1997)The political process research of France today: 1981～1995, Kyoto: Koyo Publishing. Makarian,Christian. et Reyt,Daniel.(1986) Un inconnu nommé Chevènement, Paris: Table ronde. Milner, Jean-Claude.(1984) De l’école, Paris: Seuil. Ministère de l’éducation nationale, Ecole élémentaire, programmes et instructions, Arrêté du 15 mai 1985, B.O., NO.21(1985/05/23). Ministère de l’éducation nationale, Direction des écoles, École élémentaire, Compléments aux programmes et instructions du 15 mai 1985. Nicolet,Claude.(1985a)“Pour une restauration de l’éducation et de l’instruction civiques：Rapport présenté au ministère de l’Éducation nationale, le 1er novembre 1984”, Le débat, No.34, pp.158-175. Nicolet, Claude.(1985b)“Réponse à Mona.Ozouf”, Le débat, No.34, pp.179-181. Nique,Christian. et Lelievre,Claude.(1995)L’école des présidents －de charles de gaulle à François mitterrand, Paris: Editions Odile Jacob. Ozouf, Mona.(1985a)“Histoire et instruction civique”, Le débat , No.34, pp.147-157. Ozouf, Mona.(1985b)“Réponse à Claude.Nicolet”, Le débat, No.34, pp.175-179. Schwartz, Laurent.(1981)L’enseignement et le developpement scientifique ( La France en mai 1981 : études et rapports de la Commission du bilan ), Paris: La Documentation française. Yoshida, Toru(2008)Conversion of Mitterrand Socialist Party, Tokyo: Hosei University Press.

Author Information

Naoko Furihata

The University of Tokyo

Graduate School of Education

Higashiueno, Taito-ku, Tokyo

107

Update Modus of this Database

The current conference programme can be browsed in the conference management system (conftool) and, closer to the conference, in the conference app.
This database will be updated with the conference data after ECER.

Search the ECER Programme

Search for keywords and phrases in "Text Search"
Restrict in which part of the abstracts to search in "Where to search"
Search for authors and in the respective field.
For planning your conference attendance, please use the conference app, which will be issued some weeks before the conference and the conference agenda provided in conftool.
If you are a session chair, best look up your chairing duties in the conference system (Conftool) or the app.