Beginning Teachers’ Learning Experiences in Post-lesson Group Discussion as a Learning Place
Author(s):
Kyunghee So (presenting / submitting)
Conference:
ECER 2015
Format:
Poster

Session Information

10 SES 05.5 PS, General Poster Session

General Poster Session

Time:
2015-09-09
12:30-14:00
Room:
Poster Area
Chair:

Contribution

1. Purpose

The purpose of this study is to examine in depth what beginning teachers experience in post-lesson group discussion as a form of teachers’ learning community. In order to achieve this aim, the study focuses on the following research questions: (1) what post-lesson group discussion means to beginning teachers, (2) what they learn in post-lesson group discussion, and (3) what they think that are the conditions to maintain post-lesson group discussion as a learning place.

 

2. Theoretical Framework

Rapid social change has required teachers to learn continuously throughout their careers. Current teachers are asked to be people who learn as well as teach to actively cope with a changing society. This implies that it is necessary to pay attention to teachers learning. Traditionally, teaching has been recognized that teachers put what they learned through pre-service or teachers training programs into practice. According to Schön (1983), however, this traditional perspective represents a technical rationality that has been criticized for creating discord with teachers’ teaching in practice (Putnam & Borko, 2000).

In recent years, a growing literature has emerged indicating that teacher learning can be promoted through learning communities made possible by teachers’ collaborative relationships (Cochran-Smith & Lytle, 1999, 2009; Erickson et al., 2005). According to these studies, beginning teachers can learn more through interaction with experienced teachers and colleagues in learning communities. This is consistent with ‘situative perspective’, which Borko (2004) has drawn on by proposing that learning is improved when teachers discuss and solve problems arising from practice with other teachers and teacher educators. Vygotsky (1978) has also found that learners can learn much more than may be anticipated if they are given the appropriate scaffolding. Thus he emphasized learning with others. In this regard, teachers’ learning communities have a very significant implication in terms of professional development.

Post-lesson group discussion, as a kind of teachers’ community of inquiry toward lessons, refers to discussion among peer teachers after participating in and observing actual lessons. If post-lesson group discussion is conducted effectively, it can be an opportunity not only to learn teaching practice and knowledge from colleagues, but also to be evaluated and reflect on their own lessons, particularly for beginning teachers.

Method

3. Methodology The school chosen for this study was a private secondary school. The school had managed post-lesson group discussion that emphasized a collaborative learning community. The teachers in the school made regular visits to one another’s classrooms, and immediately following the lesson, they met to share feedback on teaching practices and pedagogical strategies. The group met every another week for two hours after the school day during one semester. A total of six group discussions were held. I participated in it and recorded the overall flow of it, including conversation and interaction among participants. I also selected three beginning teachers who actively participated in the post-lesson group discussion as focal teachers and interviewed them. Each was interviewed more than twice and all of the interviews were recorded. In addition, I required them to write journals about twice to describe their experiences of the participation in the post-lesson group discussion freely. Data analysis was conducted by an iterative process of reading interview transcripts, field notes, and other documents in addition to describing, categorizing, and interpreting what the participant teachers had experienced and then checking categories and interpretations (Bogdan & Biklen, 2003). I analyzed the data through the following steps: 1) I read the transcripts repeatedly and tried to understand participants’ experience as a whole. 2) I excerpted some experiences that appeared to be some figure of teacher learning in post-lesson group discussion from the transcripts. 3) The excerpted experiences were grouped by similarity and logical relation in three categories; meaning of post-lesson group discussion to beginning teachers, what beginning teachers learn in post-lesson group discussion, and what they think as conditions maintaining post-lesson group discussion as a learning place thereof. 4) I more specifically analyzed what the beginning teachers experience in post-lesson group discussion around the three categories.

Expected Outcomes

4. Findings The results of this study are summarized as follows. First, this study showed that post-lesson group discussion gave beginning teachers learning opportunities to improve their teaching practice. As a beginning teacher mentioned, “although it was a burn on me to have post-lesson group discussion when it comes to showing other teachers my lesson, it gave me, as a less experienced teacher, an opportunity to learn much more.” Another also added that “I could observe the impressive teaching of other teachers and reflect on my teaching practice through post-lesson group discussion.” Second, it was proven that beginning teachers, through participating in post-lesson group discussion, could acquire practical knowledge in terms of pedagogical method and the understanding of students. They acquired new practical knowledge about the ways to introduce lessons, teachers’ expressions and attitude, and group construction in classroom by observing good lessons. They could also have a closer look at student learning processes and attitude through the observation of other teachers’ lessons and expand their understanding of students by recognizing new aspects of their students through conversation with other teachers. Lastly, the results of this study showed that in order to make post-lesson group discussion a more substantial learning place for teachers, confidence among teachers and increased dedication to the group discussion are required. As the days went by, post-lesson group discussion tended to be a place for an evaluation with criticism and defense; or, on the contrary, for discussion with superficial response and praises. Therefore, in order to make post-lesson group discussion a meaningful learning place, it needs to establish a faithful atmosphere among teachers and to encourage participating in post-lesson group discussion with a devotion and passion toward it.

References

Bogdan, R., & Biklen, S. (2003). Qualitative research for education: An introduction to theories and methods (4th ed.). Boston: Allyn & Bacon. Borko, H. (2004). Professional development and teacher learning: Mapping the terrain. Educational Researcher, 33(8). 3-15. Cochran-Smith, M. & Lytle, S. (1999). Relationships of knowledge and practice: teacher learning in communities. Review of Research in Education, 24, 249-305. Cochran-Smith, M., & Lytle, S. (2009). Inquiry as stance: Practitioner research in the next generation. New York: Teachers College Press. Erickson, G., Brandes, G., Mitchell, I., & Mitchell, J. (2005). Collaborative teacher learning: findings from two professional development projects. Teaching and Teacher Education, 21(7), 787-798. Grossman, P. L., Smagorinsky, P. & Valencia, S. (1999). Appropriating tools for teaching English: A theoretical framework for research on learning to teach. American Journal of Education, 108(1), 1-29. Oakes, J., Franke, M. L., Quartz, K. H. & Rogers, J. (2002). Research for high-quality urban teaching: Defining it, developing it, assessing it. Journal of Teacher Education, 53(3), 228-234. Putnam, R., & Borko, H. (2000). What do new views of knowledge and thinking have to say about research on teacher learning? Educational Researcher, 29(1), 4-15. Schön, D. A. (1983). The Reflective Practitioner: How professionals think in action. New York: Basic Books. Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Author Information

Kyunghee So (presenting / submitting)
Seoul National University
Department of Education
Seoul

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