Masters Level Credentials and the Teacher Workforce
Author(s):
Robert Doherty (presenting / submitting)
Conference:
ECER 2015
Format:
Paper

Session Information

Paper Session

Time:
2015-09-09
15:30-17:00
Room:
208.Oktatóterem [C]
Chair:
Vini Lander

Contribution

This paper engages with comparatively recent courses of action centred around extending the levels of formal education that define recognised entry to the teaching profession. Globally a small number of countries have established the masters degree as their entry level credential required for admission to the teacher workforce. This is reflective of what could be described as an intensification of attention directed towards teacher quality, recruitment and professional development within the agenda of supranational policy institutions such as the OECD and the EU. This paper sets out to provide an analysis and exploration of a number of salient aspects arising from an emergent trend towards masters level credentials becoming established as the new leading standard for entry to the teacher workforce. In particular:

  • The emergence of masters within a history characterised by an upward gradient in teacher credential requirements across wealthy developed nations.
  • The confluence of circumstances and rationalities within the policy climate that have animated, across multiple education systems, the shift towards masters as the new aspirational hallmark for entry level teacher workforce qualification.
  • The impetus given to masters level credentialisation of the teaching workforce by the EU’s Bologna agreement.
  • The unresolved tensions within the curricula of initial and other higher level programmes of teacher education. Specifically the complex and unsettled interrelation between learning within established academic disciplines and subjects and learning across formal professional learning within higher education and forms of learning rooted in practice and subject to forms of classification outside of institutions of higher education.

Method

This paper emerges from an analysis of literature and key policy documents that prescribe courses of action for teacher education in different jurisdictions. Its main approach derives from a broadly analytical tradition.

Expected Outcomes

The final section of this paper will attempt to summarise the main challenges and unresolved strains in moving towards a regularisation of masters level entry for the teacher workforce. A range of masters provision and programme structures will be discussed as a means of outlining the emerging patterns of study that characterise a range of responses designed to provide initial teacher education at maters level. Examples will be drawn from approaches in countries such as Finland, England, France, and Scotland. One of the principal points of enquiry will concern the location and content of masters level learning within programmes of teacher education. While noting the danger of shallow forms of credential inflation, the chapter concludes by considering the potential of a genuine masters level profession to unsettle and change school education beyond the narrow confines of technical efficiency in pursuit of mandated policy objectives.

References

Clare Brooks , Jacek Brant , Ian Abrahams & John Yandell (2012) Valuing initial teacher education at Master’s level, Teacher Development: An international journal of teachers' professional development, 16:3, 285-302 Darling-Hammond, L. 1990. Teacher professionalism: Why and how? In Schools as collaborative cultures: Creating the future now, ed. A. Lieberman, 25–50. London: The Falmer Press. Kirsi Tirri & Martin Ubani (2013) Education of Finnish student teachers for purposeful teaching, Journal of Education for Teaching: International research and pedagogy, 39:1,21-29. Jennifer Chung , Chris Atkin & Jane Moore (2012) The rise and fall of the MTL: an example of European policy borrowing, European Journal of Teacher Education, 35:3, 259-274. Jyrhämä, R., H. Kynäslahti, L. Krokfors, R. Byman, K. Maaranen, A. Toom, and P. Kansanen. 2008. The appreciation and realisation of research-based teacher education: Finnish students’ experiences of teacher education. European Journal of Teacher Education 31, no. 1: 1–16. Kynäslahti, H., P. Kansanen, R. Jyrhämä, L. Krokfors, K. Maaranen, and A. Toom. 2006. The multimode programme as a variation of research-based teacher education. Teaching and Teacher Education 22: 246–56. OECD. 2005. Teachers matter: Attracting, developing and retaining effective teachers. Paris: OECD. Ostinelli, G. 2009. Teacher education in Italy, Germany, England, Sweden and Finland. European Journal of Education 44, no. 2: 291– 308. Shulman, L.S. 1987. Knowledge and teaching: Foundations of the new reform. Harvard Educational Review 57, no. 1: 1–22. .

Author Information

Robert Doherty (presenting / submitting)
University of Glasgow
School of Education
Glasgow

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