Research-Based Design For Teacher Education And Practices: Reflections On Key Barriers In Collaboration Between Researcher and Teacher Communities
Author(s):
Conference:
ECER 2016
Format:
Paper

Session Information

10 SES 08 D, Research and Collaboration in Teaching Practice

Paper Session

Time:
2016-08-25
09:00-10:30
Room:
NM-Theatre P
Chair:
Stefan Müller-Mathis

Contribution

This paper presents the main elements connected to the implementation of a project (“REP-Synergy: Towards improvement of Research capacities essential for teacher Education and Practices in Serbia and Estonia”, grant n. IZ74Z0_160511, funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation within the SCOPES programme) aiming at supporting tertiary institutions to strengthen relationships and synergies between teacher education, research and teaching practices. Considering the paradigm emphasizing that educational research should be firstly in service of practice (Meijer, 2010), through the implementation of the research-based design of our project we aim to highlight the main aspects that should be considered in order to enhance young researchers’ and future teachers’ research skills, mainly related to qualitative, mixed methods and novel quantitative methods. In fact, pre- and in-service teachers, as well as young researchers need to be trained in order to build capacities for practice-led research and to use research results to improve their professional practices (Brookfield, 1995; Loughran, Mitchell & Mitchell, 2002; McNamara, 2002; Korthagen, 2004; Pollard et al., 2008).

The project concerns the challenge in integrating research and teacher education in practice (McNamara, 2002; Pollard et al., 2008; Brew, 2010) within Eastern European countries currently going through a process of comprehensive social transition in changing education systems, policies and practices of research education. More particularly, in this paper we intend to shed light on the implementation of a based-research design for teachers and young researchers in Serbia, where the education system is in the process of a comprehensive reform struggling with a transition from an education system mainly focused on the transmission of knowledge to an education system focused on the learning and development of professional key competencies (Pantić, 2009). The goal of the paper is to report experiences and findings from the first stage of the implementation of this design, consisted of the workshops with young researchers and pre-and in-service teachers in Serbia. The main objective is to analyse the participants’ beliefs, meanings and identities that might prevent and support the process of building a fruitful and professional collaboration among them. This can contribute to illuminate the need to re-think the way in which educational research, teacher education, and practice are connected, by fostering practice-led research activities during the initial teacher education and in the context of training of young researchers in educational sciences.

The research questions connected to the implementation of our research-based design are the following: How educational research can sustain the development of teacher professional education and practice? How the improvement of pre-service teacher education increases the use of research in their professional activities? 

Method

We established a research-based design implying a series of activities intended to strengthen changes in the traditional paradigm currently dominant in academic and professional frameworks of different countries. The implementation of our program in Serbia includes different activities designed around a set of workshops and training sessions in qualitative, quantitative and mixed methodologies for educational practitioners, future teachers and young researchers. More specifically, we refer here to the first stage of implementation in the Serbian context, including 32 participants (university students, young researchers, teachers) from the Faculty of Philosophy (Institute of Psychology) and the Teacher Education Faculty at the University of Belgrade. The design we present here consists of two lines of activities: line A aims to build capacities of current and future practitioners (teachers and school psychologists) to design and implement practice-based research and to use findings for reflection and improvement of practice; line B aims to reinforce capacities of PhD students in educational sciences to do research as well as to use research evidences to support teachers, school leaders and policy makers. In line A the general goal is the development of competencies of future teachers and in-service teachers for practice-based research. More concretely, we focus on training of practitioner in order to foster their knowledge and understanding in the following domains: the role of practice-based research in teaching and learning; the types and logic of practice-based research; different data collection techniques and analyses; dissemination of research. The package of workshops for line B develops knowledge and skills necessary for scientific practice-led research. It includes: the role and logic of scientific research; different types of research design; different data collection techniques and analyses; the improvement of academic writing and oral skills. The data presented in the present paper include the observation of workshops and activities’ discussions involving the participants in Belgrade, as well as interviews with them and different products of their individual and joint work within the project (group discussions, assignments, papers production, etc.). We have opted for a qualitative analysis of the data (Arcidiacono, Baucal & Buđevac, 2011), by the identification of elements of reflexivity, beliefs and meaning-making processes about the implication of teachers and young researchers in the designed project. The evaluation of their reports and the corresponding excerpts have been analyzed in order to highlight the main aspects of the participants’ implication in the first part of the implementation of the research design.

Expected Outcomes

By focusing on observations of the activities and participants’ evaluations, we expect to identify the key barriers for better collaboration between young researchers and practitioners, as well as key opportunities for collaboration. Beside of this general expectation, concrete findings concern the fact that a key obstacle we were faced is related to dominant practices, perspectives and orientations that make researchers and teachers different. In fact, teachers are more oriented towards subject contents (which content is relevant to be included, how to present it to students, how to support students to learn contents, and how to assess whether students learn these contents) while researchers are more oriented towards learning processes at the level of students. As expected outcomes, the participant institutions will be in the position to change significantly the education sector and its capacity to support the development of key competencies of a new generation of teachers and researchers who can ensure sustainability of big changes accomplished through the actual transition processes. The possibility to strengthen a culture of practice-led research and to build networks to exchange professional knowledge will contribute to improve the institution’s capacities to inform teacher education and educational practice based on the results of practice-led educational research studies and preparing other joint practice-led research activities.

References

Arcidiacono, F., Baucal, A., & Buđevac, N. (2011). Doing qualitative research: The analysis of talk-in-interaction. In A. Baucal, F. Arcidiacono & N. Buđevac (Eds.), Studying interaction in different contexts: A qualitative view (pp. 17-45). Belgrade: Institute of Psychology. Brew, (2010). Imperatives and challenges in integrating teaching and research. Higher Education Research & Development, 29(2), 139-150. Brookfield, D. S. (1995). Becoming a Critically Reflective Тeacher. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Korthagen, F. A. J. (2004). In search of the essence of a good teacher: Towards a more holistic approach in teacher education. Teaching and Teacher Education, 20, 77-97. Loughran, J., Mitchell, I., & Mitchell, J. (2002). Learning from teacher research. Crows Nest: Allen & Unwin. McNamara, O. (2002). Evidence based practice through practice-based evidence. In O. McNamara (Ed.), Becoming an Evidence-based Practitioner Based, A framework for teacher-researchers (pp. 15-26). London: Routledge. Meijer, P. C. (2010). The teacher education knowledge base: Experienced teachers’ craft knowledge. In E. Baker, P. Peterson & B. McGaw (Eds.), International Encyclopedia of Education (pp. 642-649). Oxford: Elsevier. Pantić, N. (2009). Teacher education in Serbia: Towards a Competence-Based Model of Initial Teacher Education. In M. T. Tatto & M. Minu (Eds.), Reforming Teaching and Learning. Comparative Perspectives in a Global Era (pp. 149-164). Rotterdam: Sense. Pollard, A., Anderson, J., Maddock, M., Swaffield, S., Warin, J., & Warwick, P. (2008). Reflective Teaching. Evidence-informed Professional Practice. New York: Continuum International Publishing Group.

Author Information

Francesco Arcidiacono (presenting / submitting)
University of Teacher Education (HEP-BEJUNE)
Research
Biel/Bienne
Institute of Psychology, University of Belgrade, Serbia
Teacher Education Faculty, University of Belgrade, Serbia

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