Open Sources-based Course "Robotics" for Inclusive Schools in Belarus
Author(s):
Nikolai Gorbatchev (presenting / submitting) Iouri Zagoumennov
Conference:
ECER 2017
Format:
Paper

Session Information

06 SES 12, Technology Framing Curriculum and Learning: Robotics, moocs, self-tracking

Paper Session

Time:
2017-08-25
09:00-10:30
Room:
K6.15
Chair:
Stefan Iske

Contribution

Information technology in the last decade have become an integral part of the learning process and become almost a daily element of the adjustable-term activities in schools and universities. A new stage of development of information tech-nologies in education is, in our opinion, the development of training courses related to robotics and other programmed mechanisms. Those who today are trained IT professions already accounts for more and more likely to use them, programmated, but someone and create. As a result, many training courses were supplemented by significant unit, associated with the multidisciplinary focus of mechatronics. First of all, electronics, mechanics, Remote Control, physics, computer science. These disciplines are very tightly integrated with each other as part of the interdisciplinary interaction.
Minsk Branch of the Plekhanov Russian Economic University provided an opportunity for students to study courses related to the development and programming of robots. In 2016, this project was extended to course for primary school.

Development of this trend is promising in the educational and scientific-sphere. Improvement of robotic systems is one of the fastest growing research areas, the investment in which, according to the report Strategyr analytical agency, estimated at $ 10.6 billion. US dollars in 2020. Serious research conducted in the development of robotic assistants and complexity of algorithms of their operation on the basis of IP-artificially intelligence.
According to the analytical agency Technavio, the market robots that are used for educational purposes, from 2016 to 2020 will grow by more than 20%. At the same time, 47% of investments made in the United States in the direction of the development of training systems for primary and secondary schools. Other major investors in this are South Korea, Japan and China.
Posted Agency report "in 2016. The global market for educational robots - 2020" identifies three main types of educational robots that are strongly developed, both manufacturers and users of devices (universities, schools):
- Reconfigurable robots - systems expandable for specific educational tasks, including tasks under the "internet-of-things";
- Wheeled robots;
- Humanoid robots - robots that mimic the movement of the system and the action-tion of human (including robot manipulators).
The market overview prepared by the company Technavio, the largest market share of robotic systems for educational purposes are:
Fischertechnik
Lego
Modular Robotics
Tetrix Robotics
With these sets, the Russian market occupy a considerable share of the system, based on Chinese designs and analogues microcontrollers Ar-duino. First of all, this is due to their low cost: the base model wheeled robot could cost 1,500 rubles, thus include those sensors that access HN in extended versions of "brand" designers: there are several dozen species, more than 300 variants. Available solutions for programming based on Scratch (S4A), extensions to AdruBlocks visual programming allows you to simply integrate these educational kits in the educational process. The volume of the market is difficult to assess, but if the statistics to evaluate the orders of such devices in the popular online stores, it is possible to conclude that tens of thousands of units purchased.
In addition to equipment, important components of the training courses is the educational code and materials of practical lessons, experiments and laboratory work. As a rule, all developers provide a minimum set on the basis of which the training can be carried out. In addition, there are many online communities, video, open Internet resources where you can get advice and access to educational and methodological developments. However, the construction of a logically structured course their is the task of the teacher taking into account the peculiarities of students (age, knowledge in the field of electronics, learning objectives, etc.).

Method

The main approach used in the study is an action research as an interactive method of collecting information that's used to explore topics of teaching, curriculum development and student behavior in the classroom [6] The action research methods used include observing individuals and groups, using audio and video tape recording, using structured and semi-structured interviews, taking field notes, using analytic memoing, distributing surveys or questionnaires. The preparation phase of the study also included such method as systematization, formalization and modeling. As a result open educational resources which can be used as a source of an educational program code were analysed and classified. The base of educational codes taking into account age and specific features of children was created. It has allowed to demonstrate possibilities of robots prior to programming activities by children.Formalization has allowed the description of substantial characteristics of object of research and the processes happening in it on the basis of creation of a generalized sign model (for example, by means of mathematical or logical symbols). The use of modeling methods led to the development of several models of a course taking into account specific features of children, their age, knowledge about creation of algorithms. division of lessons into 2 parts: working with electronic constructions and working with a programming environment.

Expected Outcomes

For the development of training modules a group of students already have-ing experience with robots in the classroom in the Minsk branch of the REU them. GV Plekhanov was involved. Based on the experience of teaching the course, modules were divided into 2 groups: 1. Theory and practice of designing electronic devices (Arduino, Intel) As a basis for practical lessons, a set of electronic components MRobot (various educational electronic components to build circuits: resistors, photoresistors, LEDs, thermistors, buttons, potentiometer, piezoelectric-zodinamik, wire, solderless breadboard, and others.). The workshops are designed for two platforms: Arduino Uno and Intel Edisson. Workshops for school children include a series of experiments in electrical engineering, creation and management of simple electronic devices, sensors, actuators, relays, etc. 2. Theory and practice of programming microcontrollers (Arduino, Intel) Conducting workshops on programming in elementary school jav-lyayutsya quite a challenge due to the lack of similar subjects in the school curriculum. At the initial level, these are implemented in Scratch medium for expression, processing of basic competences for drawing up computer algorithms. As in radiation necessary skills, practical tasks are carried out in an environment Scratch for Arduino (S4A), and visual environment ArduBlock programming. Thematic course structuring, division of its modules into two groups, the prevalence of practice-sessions allowed to achieve results when working in inclusive groups of children: - Ensure the computerization of primary education; - Create an information medium primary school with interdisciplinary communication for the formation of children's holistic perception of learning; - Develop modeling thought in children; - On the basis of the Group's working methods, to teach children on the basis of cooperation, exchange of experiences in groups.

References

1. Service Robotics - A Global Strategic Business Report // www.strategyr.com/Service_Robotics_A_Global_Strategic_Business_Report.asp 2. Global Educational Robots Market 2016-2020 http://www.technavio.com/report/global-robotics-educational-robots-market 3. 4. Omelchenko EY, Tanic VO, Maklakov AS, Karjakin EA Short on-set and perspectives of the microprocessor Arduino platform // Electrotech-cal systems and complexes, №21, 2013, p. 28-33 5. Marshals OV Ziyazov VK Hismatullin JO Experience of using Arduino in the educational process in the direction of preparation 09.03.04 "Software engineers have in-» // Universum: Technical Science, №7, 2015, p. 5 6. AV Spirin, A. Ilchuk, Ivkina LM Development of engineering-Peremyshl of high school students using a microcontroller Arduino Uno // in coll. Prospects and challenges of the information society, Krasnoyarsk, 2015, pp. 127-130 Chirkin 7. YA Using Arduino microcontroller in the implementation of gaming technology in the introduction of the GEF in the Company // sb. Computer science: problems, methodology, technology, Voronezh, 2015, p. 822-824 8. VV Grachev Development of electronic educational resources for the study-cheniya platform Arduino // Educational Robotics: state, problems and prospects-lane, Novosibirsk, 2016, p. 23-27 9. VV Grachev Arduino: a new stage in the development of robotics // way-tion, technology. Service №1, 2015, p. 151-153 10. Maguerite G. Lodico, Dean T. Spaulding, and Katherine H. Voegtle Methods in Educational Research: From Theory to Practice. 2010, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Author Information

Nikolai Gorbatchev (presenting / submitting)
Minsk Branch of Plekhanov Russian University of Economics
Minsk
Minsk Branch of Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Belarus

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