Covid 19 has supposed many changes in higher education. Despite the crisis, universities undertook the challenge of persisting student learning and adjusting their resources to new situations over the world.

Academic and social circumstances changed in all student's grades. It has been interesting research in the educational area, and we can find many studies at the undergraduate level. However, it has not been enough studies on emerging researchers. Emergent researchers are usually motivated to start a doctoral thesis, but it is needed to maintain this motivation during the research in an academic and personal sense (de Dios, 2008). Before the pandemic situation, research about leaving Ph D. was related to social wellbeing, satisfaction with the work, professional projection between others (Bolio et al., 2015). However, during the COVID-19 crisis, these effects were aggravated (Marqués et al., 2021).

Studies about the impact of COVID-19 on emergent researchers were involved in recognizing teaching methods and their impact on learning, attending the design, intervention, and assessment. Also, the strength, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of the pandemics (Longhurst et al., 2020). In addition, it has been identified that studies about networking and social support were analyzed (Benitez-Andrades et al., 2021). Finally, they were found research about the health influences of the pandemics on emergent researchers  (Millan-Jimenez et al., 2021).

According to the measures that were taken during the lockdown, emergent researchers suffered a change in their research planning. It means they had to cancel research stays or they could not finish or start their projects in labs or other specific spaces. In the case of the educational area, we find emergent researchers that could not get data in educational centers, or they had to take care of their families or other kinds of responsibilities such as working. This situation during the pandemics is supposed to university authorities to manage special measures (Area-Moreira, 2021). They were reducing activities in person, increasing time for thesis defense, and publicizing services of mental health.

This research aims to contribute to the high educational system trying to understand the impact that COVID-19 had on different dimensions of research activity and socio-affective social wellbeing on emerging research. For this challenge, we will present a quantitative study mainly.

The baseline is a previous study done in 2021 about the corona impact in emerging researchers of educational aspects. Some limits of the research in 2021 were the sample size and the inexistence of an instrument for knowing better the dimensions of the study. Furthermore, there was not enough literature about the issue. That is why it seems appropriate for a second analysis argue new approaches to pandemics. Our research offers a higher sample, corresponding 568 emerging researchers across a wide range of disciplines including Ph D. students from Spain and Ireland.

A mixed, descriptive, and comparative methodology has been used in this study. Using two ad-hoc questionnaires, the impact of Covid-19 on aspects involved in research development in adverse situations has been evaluated during the past two academic years. Furthermore, 8 emerging researchers have been interviewed for the completion of the quantitative study. Based on the bibliography consulted the first 23-item ad-hoc instrument entitled Impact of COVID-19 on Doctoral Students (ICED-19) was used to know the perceptions of the emerging students in Education in Spain about the impact of the Covid-19 State of Alarm on its research activity and socio-affective well-being. A total of 86 emerging researchers participated in this study during the 2020/21 academic year. After carrying out the Exploratory Factor Analysis, the need arose to delve into the previous dimensional model to build a new model with factors that better fit the definition of doctoral development during the situation caused by Covid-19. The new questionnaire entitled M-ICED is made up of 40 items with a Likert 5-type scale. The questionnaire included aspects related to different topics: Resilient attitudes towards the development of the doctoral thesis, Possibilities for professional development, Socialization in the academic environment, Training received by the institution itself, Training received by external institutions, Socio-affective well-being and Family support. Once the students answered online from November 11 to 30, 2021 anonymously following the AERA code of ethics (2011), the reliability and validity of the instrument were recalculated. The main sample of the study is made up of 551 emerging researchers from Spain. Regarding gender, 54.3% are women, 44.8% are men, 0.7% do not identify as women or men and 0.2% prefer not to say so. They are between 23 and 86 years old (mean = 34) and are distributed in different areas of knowledge: 48.8% in the Social and Legal Sciences branch, 21.8% in Sciences, 18.3% in Arts and Humanities, 9.8% in Health Sciences and 1.3% in Engineering. To offer an extended perspective, a total of 21 emerging researchers from Ireland participated in the study.

Reliable scale scores are presented throughout the questionnaire (Cronbach's alpha = 0.860). Exploratory Factor Analysis was performed again for the second instrument to find the factors that explain the theoretical model of the study. The determinant R is adequate (= 2.137E-8). Values ​​greater than 0.6 are obtained in the KMO test (KMO = 0.896), which indicates the adequacy of the sampling. Bartlett's sphericity test confirms the adequacy to calculate the factorial analysis (= 9428.185, p < 0.01). Seven factors have been extracted by the Principal Components method, with 60.507% of the explained variance of R: - Factor 1: Propitious conditions to carry out the doctoral thesis. Items 2-4, 6-21, 27, 30-31, 35, 37, 38-39. - Factor 2: Training in doctoral studies. Items 28-29, 32-33. - Factor 3: New research networks. Items 26, 36. - Factor 4: Social relationships. Items 22, 23, 24, and 25. - Factor 5: Adaptation to adverse situations. Items 1 and 5. - Factor 6: Autonomy. Item 34. - Factor 7: Physical condition. Item 40. In addition to the Exploratory Factor Analysis, descriptive and differential analyzes were also performed on different personal and academic categorical variables. Interviews were also carried out to delve into the main quantitative results. The main results of the questionnaire could indicate that Covid-19 has an impact differently on emerging researchers. The most relevant result could be the differences between gender and the country. For example, men perceived more elevated values in aspects related to self-support or Irish students have sorrowed less impact on their studies. According to the literature reviewed, we could complete general information about how COVID-19 has impacted techniques of emergent research studies, social relationships, and mental and physical conditions. However, the research contributes to giving new approaches in research networks and adaptation to adverse situations.

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