Globalization is a dynamic process that affects different cultures around the world in different ways. It permeates cultural borders and in the process leads to the spread of Western ideologies and values around the world(Jensen et al., 2011). The Census Bureau's monthly Current Population Survey (CPS) shows that the total foreign-born or immigrant population in the U.S. hit 47.9 million in September 2022, and there are about 3,000 dual-language programs nationwide. With the development of the global connection, many individuals around the world are becoming members of multiple language and sociocultural networks(García, 2011), more and more immigrants’ parents would like to send their children to accept the bilingual education.

However, the different culture mixed to educated students may influence immigrant students’ identity. In 2020, Bu has studied the Asian students in the larger context of Asian immigrants to analyze how American education has historically shaped the racial and ethnic identity of Asian Americans as a minority group and the cultural meaning of being a member of that minority group during different times(Bu, 2020). Besides, the languages in bilingual education has a significant function, we assume that the languages classroom to be a key site for the construction of learners’ linguistic and multilingual identities.(Forbes et al., 2021)

Therefore, such student will face more than two different culture and language between home and school.  In my opinion, both parenting environment and school environment are important for students to construct their identity and development. As for school, promoting students’ identity exploration in school within the curriculum and in relation to the academic content should be adopted as an important educational goal.(Kaplan et al., 2014). As for parents, there was research explored the experiences of immigrants in Canada, the results indicated that youth reported that their parents played a direct role in transmitting culture and influencing their identity in five different ways.(Glozman & Chuang, 2019)

This research will focus on the following questions: For the immigrant students, (1) Will the student choose one of their parents’ cultural identities or both or neither of them? (2) Whether the education change students’ identity? If yes, how does bilingual education change students’ cultural identity?

In this article, we use literature analysis to find some answers to the above research questions from two aspects: cultural identity and bilingual education. In terms of cultural identity, we analyzed what cultural identity is, what affects cultural identity, and the influence of parents and others on children's cultural identity through previous studies. For bilingual education, we focused on finding literature on whether students' cultural identity is affected in bilingual education and the effect of bilingual education on immigrant students.

After analyzing the available literature, we can conclude that the identity of students is indeed influenced by their parents. In terms of social culture, children are more influenced by their mothers, and mothers also have a certain influence on their children's identities. In addition, children receive influence from other people in society. The establishment of bilingual education promotes equality in education for minorities, while at the same time gives minorities a place to identify with their own language and to tolerate the freezing of the national language. Bilingual education, with certain pedagogical and educational concepts, can change the identity of students in a purposeful and directed way.

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