On January 1, 2020, INSEE counted 73.6 million young people aged 18 to 29 in Europe. This usual categorization of youth within the 15-29 age group does not meet with consensus in the literature. Indeed, defining what is meant by the term "youth" is not easy (Dubet, 1996). Since 2008, the economic crisis has had a real impact on young people, worsening their conditions of access to employment and particularly for the least qualified among them (Batard et al., 2012; Galland, 2012; Di Paola et al., 2018). Thus, despite a slight decrease, youth unemployment remains a concern. Yet, taking an interest in youth unemployment, and more broadly in their standard of living appears to be a real societal issue (Blaya, 2012; Schoeneberger, 2012). Indeed, not being employed would have both psychological and social consequences on the individual (Demers, 1983). Also, their situation would be correlated to the risks of delinquency (Fougère et al., 2005). As a result, many public policies have targeted youth. Thus, the interest in educational, professional and social integration is part of the development of the Missions locales with the Bertrand Schwartz report in 1981. Since then, we have observed a juxtaposition of measures in favor of this category of the population (Labadie, 2020). Our paper proposes to focus on the Garantie jeunes(GJ). The GJ corresponds to the declination of the European strategy deployed in the face of youth unemployment and was largely inspired by the Nordic countries (Wargon & Gurgand 2013). Indeed, youth guarantees were first created in the 1980s and 1990s in Scandinavian countries: first in Sweden (1984), then in Norway (1993), Denmark (1993) and Finland (1996) (Can, 2015). Introduced in 2012 in France as part of the National Conference against Poverty and for Inclusion, the main objective of this scheme is to support beneficiaries towards autonomy for one year (Wargon & Gurgand, 2013). The proposed follow-up is initially collective, then based on professional immersions in a "work first" logic (Farvaque et al., 2016). The Garantie jeunes targets vulnerable NEET youth, i.e., young people who are neither in school, nor in employment, nor in training, and who do not receive any support from their parents. However, the NEET category includes a variety of youth profiles. On this subject, Eurofound (2012) identifies five sub-categories: "young people registered as job seekers", "young people unavailable on the labour market", "the disengaged", "opportunity seekers" and "voluntary NEET". Our research problem is set in this context. More specifically, three major studies have been conducted on the Garantie jeunes and have considered the changes induced within the Missions locales, the target reached, and the effect generated on its beneficiaries (Farvaque et al., 2016; Loison-Leruste et al., 2016; Gaini et al., 2018). We propose to differentiate ourselves by considering the professional and social insertion of youth as well as their social skills. Thus, we first ask what is the profile of the young people who enter the GJ scheme? What are their past educational and professional experiences? What are their motivations? The answers to these questions will show that the profile of these young people is based on a diversity of situations. Based on this observation, we will look at their pathways after their support in the program. We will then see that three profiles can be identified.
