With the increasing use of information and communication technologies, cybercrimes against children have also increased. Online risky behavior can take many forms: making personal data available to other subjects, sharing visual material with the general public, engaging in online discussions with sexual undertones and vulgar comments, and establishing new friendships with unknown people (Ybarra et al., 2007; Kopecký et al., 2021).
Wylęgły (2021) mentions anonymity as a possible risky aspect of leading potentially to the development of cybercrime, an unlimited range of users, and the universality of Internet access. Kopecký et al. (2020) also consider, among other things, the use of fictitious identities, so-called equality of status, synchronous and asynchronous online communication, and social multiplicity in communication with an undetermined number of users to be risky. The very issue of sharing has thus gained attention in recent years not only in the field of law (Lavorgna et al., 2023; Bezáková et al., 2021) but also in the field of pedagogical sciences (Brosch, 2018; Kopecký et al., 2020; Kopecký et al., 2023). This contribution focuses on the experiences and possible risks of sharing among lower secondary school pupils in the Czech Republic.
Sharing adolescents' data on social networks can bring, in addition to positive benefits, specific threats, such as threats to privacy, integrity, the right to one's own identity, and personality development. It can negatively affect not only privacy but also a good name, the very development of personality and image (Ordóñez Pineda & Calva Jiménez, 2020). Sharing, which can be defined as the publication of much detailed information about adolescents in the form of photos, videos, and posts through social media, can violate children's privacy (Brosh, 2018) and lead to several other negative phenomena, such as frustration (Ouvrein & Verswijvel, 2019) or child abuse as a tool for creating extremist and hateful content (Kopecký et al., 2020).
In the field of pedagogical research, children's privacy is associated with the protection of personal data and is often linked to the issue of sharing, which violates children's privacy (Brosh, 2018; Kopecký et al., 2020; Kopecký et al., 2023), but also another possible risks such as exclusion from the collective due to the inability to use the Internet, the risk of increasing aggression, sexual coercion, threats to privacy, identity theft, and new forms of surveillance and exploitation are mentioned.
General description on research questions, objectives and theoretical framework (up to 600 words)
Research questions and problems:
• What do students think about sharing information and other content (photos, videos, etc.) about their privacy and personal data on the Internet, social networks, and other online services?
• What is the students' opinion about the possible risks of sharing information and other content about their privacy and personal data on the Internet, social networks, and other online services?
• What experience do students have with sharing information and other content about their privacy and personal data on the Internet, social networks, and other online services?
The main goal of the contribution is to find out and describe the basic aspects, topics and experiences of elementary school students connected with sharing privacy and personal data on the Internet, social networks and other on-line services.
Sub-research objectives:
• To find out the opinions of pupils in terms of how they constitute and shape opinions on sharing privacy and personal data in cyberspace
• Analyze the students' opinions
