ICT Needs and Preferences of Early Career Academics
Author(s):
Conference:
ECER 2011
Format:
Paper

Session Information

16 SES 11, ICT in Higher Education and Competence Management with ICT

Paper Session

Time:
2011-09-15
16:45-18:15
Room:
K 31/102,G, 45
Chair:
Karl Steffens

Contribution

Educational institutions have to spend considerable amount of effort to keep up with the rapid changes and demands in the society. According to Camblin and Steger (2000), the continuous changes in higher education have an effect on faculty members, both personally and professionally. Correspondingly, Caffarella and Zinn (1999) underline the change in the dynamics that have effect on faculty members alter repetitively. Therefore, in this ever changing environment, expectations from the universities are high. Specially, the experiences of faculty members in their early career are characterized by stress, pressure, and uncertainty (Rice, Sorcinelli & Austin, 2000) due to these expectations. Faculty development is of great significance to increase the quality and success of higher education (Camblin, & Steger, 2000) to meet these expectations. Ozvaris, Aslan, Hodoglugil and Sayek (2004) stated the importance of reassessing faculty members’ needs in improving the quality of teaching. Similarly, Opre, Zaharie, and Opre (2008) emphasized needs assessment as a critical step for providing professional development for faculty members. Likewise, Eleser and Chauvin (1998) pointed out that effective faculty development programs need to identify the goals and needs of academics in an organizational setting. Hence, understanding needs of faculty members is a vital step in order to provide approppriate faculty development practice.

 

According to Austin (2002), the academic career starts with the graduate studies. She also points out the lack of organized opportunities for graduate students to increase required skills and abilities for their future profession. Similarly, Halifax (2008) examines the literature about the needs of graduate students from different countries. Accordingly, he concludes that, in graduate studies for academic positions, students are either mostly guided through their research or only teaching skills, and their needs for their future and career development are disregarded. Therefore, it is essential to asses early career faculty members needs  in order to provide appropriate support during their graduate study process. The specific research question that guides this study is: 

  •  How do early career faculty members’ (research assistants) perceive their professional development needs in regard to information and communication technology (ICT) integration into their profession?

Method

Survey research design was used in this study. According to (Fraenkel & Wellen, 2006), the major goal of the survey research is to reveal the characteristics of population with the help of descriptive techniques. 147 research assistants from one of the well known public universities in Turkey were formed sample of this study. This university trains the future faculty members for the newly established universities in Turkey. It hires reseach assistants, and after they complete their PhD studies at the university, they are appointed as faculty members to one of the newly established universities. Therefore, the faculty needs of newly established universities are met. ‘Faculty Needs Assessment Survey’ was used to collect the data. The original survey was developed by Michigan State University, Office of Faculty and Organizational Development, and adapted for this study with their permission. The items used in this study were translated into Turkish by three experts. Then four experts examined the survey. Based on feedback gathered from the expert review, the instrument was revised. The questionnaire consisted of five parts and 84 four point Likert type items. In this study only the part related with ICT integration was used.

Expected Outcomes

The findings of this study provide insights in research assistants’ faculty development needs in regard to ICT integration, specifically use and evaluation of e-portfolios; integrating instructional technology into the courses; using the Internet for instructional purposes; developing the course web site/blog; effective presentation design; effective use of smart classrooms; instructional technology users (or adapters) share best practices; facilitating online discussion/chat sessions (asynchronous or synchronous); videoconferencing and webcasting skills; online assessment; developing and teaching a blended course; and E-learning designing an online course. The overall findings of the study indicated that while majority of the participants perceived ICT integration in conventional instructional settings related activities as some or great needs, only about half of the participants perceived online learning/instruction environment related activities as some or great needs.

References

Austin, A. E. (2002). Preparing the next generation of faculty: Graduate school as socialization to the academic career. Journal of Higher Education, 73(1), 94–122. Caffarella, R., & Zinn, L. (1999). Professional development for faculty: A conceptual framework of barriers and supports. Innovative Higher Education, 23, 241–254. Camblin, L.D., & Steger, J.A. (2000). Rethinking faculty development. Higher Education,39, 1-18. Eleser, C. B., & Chauvin, S. W. (1998). Professional development how to’s: Strategies for surveying faculty preferences. Innovative Higher Education, 22(3), 181-201. Fraenkel, J. R., & Wallen, N. E. (2006). How to Design and Evaluate Research in Education (6th Ed.), New York, N.Y.: McGraw Hill, Halifax, N. S. (2008). Professional development needs of graduate students: comparing and contrasting perspectives. Retrieved from http://libra.acadiau.ca/library/ASAC/ASAC2008/10/10-5.pdf Opre, A., Zaharie, M., & Opre, D. (2008). Faculty Development : Teaching Staff Needs, Knowledge and Priorities. Cognition, Brain & Behavior, 12(1), 29-43. Ozvaris, S. B., Aslan, D., Hodoglugil, N. S., & Sayek, I. (2004). A faculty development program evaluation: From needs assessment to long term effects of the teaching skills improvement program. Teaching and Learning in Medicine, 16(4), 368-375. Rice, E., Sorcinelli, M. D., & Austin, A. E., (2000). Heeding new voices: Academic careers for a new generation. Washington, DC: American Association for Higher Education.

Author Information

Zahide Yildirim (presenting / submitting)
Middle East Technical University
Computer Education and Instructional Technology
Ankara
Middle East Technical University
Computer Education & Instructional Technology
Ankara
Middle East Technical University, Turkey
Middle East Technical University
Computer Education and Instructional Technology
ANKARA

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