Implementing The Opening Minds Curriculum In A Secondary School In England: An Alternative To The One-Size-Fits-All National Curriculum?
Author(s):
Grant Stanley (presenting / submitting) Marion Jones Jan Murphy
Conference:
ECER 2012
Format:
Paper

Session Information

03 SES 02 A, National Curriculum and School-Based Curriculum Development

Parallel Paper Session

Time:
2012-09-18
15:15-16:45
Room:
FFL - Aula 4 A
Chair:
Nienke M. Nieveen

Contribution

In 2010, the English Department for Education (DfE) published The importance of teaching: The schools white paper 2010. It grants schools increased autonomy in curriculum development and implementation and heralded a new era of curriculum reform in England. This paper critically examines how this process took place in a Catholic secondary school, which implemented the Opening Minds curriculum proposed by the British non-governmental organization The Royal Society for the Encouragement of Arts, Manufactures and Commerce (RSA) as the model for instruction of Year 7 students (11-12 year olds). The aims were to offer students a curriculum that equips for the twenty-first century through developing competences in citizenship, learning, managing information, relating to people and managing situations, which is difficult to achieve within the constraints of the subject-focused English National Curriculum.

The paper is informed by a range of perspectives, including the RSA point of view, literature on cross-curricular learning and Catholic education, and the experiences and perceptions of the school’s Opening Minds Co-ordinator and focuses on the following key issues: adequate staffing and resourcing; staff expertise to ensure teaching competence across a wide range of subject areas; achieving a balance between creative approaches to learning that promote engagement and a focus on in-depth subject knowledge and academic achievement. We pose the question whether the implementation of the Opening Minds curriculum as practised in this particular school can assist students from disadvantaged backgrounds, who may have limited access to life-transforming educational experiences outside of school, to acquire cultural capital and ‘high status knowledge’. This paper will have relevancy to a European/international audience, as pressures on schools to have as one of their key priorities the development of a future workforce, which will ensure economic competitiveness for their nation-state, is a dominant feature in global discourses on curriculum reform.

Method

In our discussion of the key issues, we utilise the concept of ‘bricolage’, as it can provide us with a means to examine the topic under discussion from a variety of lenses and thereby avoid reductionist, one-sided interpretation of a phenomenon (Kincheloe, 2001). By adopting an interdisciplinary approach, we draw on historical, pedagogical and philosophical perspectives, policy documentation and personal narrative. Thus, it is our aim to identify the relationship that exists between the object of inquiry, the implementation process of the OM curriculum, and the socio-cultural context in which it occurred and make explicit the complexities of this process. Data collection took place by means of three semi-structured interviews with the school’s OM co-ordinator, which were concerned with the rationale informing the planning and implementation of the OM curriculum and the challenges/successes encountered. To help with triangulation of findings, the authors utilised, inter alia, the data from two questionnaire surveys, formal school documents, and the latest Office for Standards in Education (Ofsted) report.

Expected Outcomes

We contend that teachers may successfully deliver competency-based education without coaching and support, but we would like to introduce the caveat that schools need to be cognizant that teachers implementing the OM curriculum are ‘confronted with the problem’ of translating ‘abstract new curriculum principles into concrete learning tasks’ (Hoogveld, Paas, and Jochems 2005, 287). The wider adoption of OM also has implications for initial teacher education and recruitment. After teachers have spent at least a year training how to plan and deliver learning units, which are subject-focused and based on teaching discrete learning outcomes, they may be asked to adjust to a pedagogy that is underpinned by a philosophy of teaching that relegates their competence as subject experts to the bottom of the agenda. Finally, there is the issue of enhancing individual students’ life chances through education. It raises the question whether a curriculum focusing predominantly on relevant life and vocational skills can provide those from disadvantaged backgrounds with the means and knowledge needed to shape their lives in ways that promote their economic and social success and social equality.

References

Kincheloe, J.L. 2001. Describing the Bricolage: Conceptualizing a New Rigor in Qualitative Research. Qualitative Inquiry 7, no. 6: 679-91. Department for Education. 2010. The importance of teaching: The schools white paper 2010. Norwich: The Stationery Office. Hoogveld, A., F. Paas, and W. Jochems. 2005. Training higher education teachers for instructional design of competency-based education: Product-oriented versus process-oriented worked examples. Teaching and Teacher Education 21, no. 3: 287-97.

Author Information

Grant Stanley (presenting / submitting)
Liverpool John Moores University
Faculty of Education Community and Leisure
Liverpool
Liverpool John Moores University, United Kingdom
Liverpool John Moores University
Faculty of Education, Community and Leisure
lIVERPOOL

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