Aspects of Interculturality of Social Work Education in Lithuania: Construction of the Helping Process in Context of Social Transformations
Conference:
ECER 2012
Format:
Paper

Session Information

20 SES 12, Developing Competencies for Inclusive and Intercultural Education and Cooperation

Parallel Paper Session

Time:
2012-09-21
09:00-10:30
Room:
ESI 3 - Aula 1
Chair:
Tony Cotton

Contribution

The 20 years development of social work in Lithuania allowed accumulating experience based on local understanding of the social issues. This experience allows having common sense between professional participants in social work and social work education. The appearance of common sense between participants of the interaction in the professional arena requires time length to uncover common understanding. Gadamer insists that understanding is essentially a historically effected event. 

Lack of reflected local knowledge, which would explain social situations appear in person’s life and create social issues, results subjectively, constructed professional practice of social worker. Diffusion, which social worker face in his/her day-to-day activities, can create guilt, unknowing, or lack of understanding. One of the ways social workers can control the daily professional activities - share common language with other professionals. Howe (2002, 81) points, that social workers in their day-to-day practice face a busy and complex person’s world in certain social context. Thus, social workers try to understand and make sense of people and the situations in which they try to act professionally. If social workers try to cope with and be competent in social situations, he/she develops more deliberate, systematic and formalized situation. Commonality between professionals achieved through social work education and collaborative work process with other professionals. However, the issue for social work and education of social work is the foreignness of social work theories, which mostly originated in western societies, and Lithuanian social realities where social workers perform their practices. This complicates social work practice, and education which is responsible for creation basis for professional behaviour, language and common understanding of social workers, but also overcoming the foreignness of socially excluded persons. 

The habitus according to Bourdieu (1990, 54) is a product of history, which produces individual and collective practices in accordance with the schemes generated by history. It ensures the active presence of past experiences, which, deposited in each organism in the form of schemes of perception. Through the action habitus tend to guarantee the “correctness” of practices and their constancy over time, more reliability than all formal rules and explicit norms. 

The aim of the presentation is to discuss the domestication of western social work in transitional Lithuania focusing on aspects of interculturality of social work education.

Method

There will be presented results of two research : 1) hermeneutical qualitative research, inviting to the research 5 social workers from nongovernmental organisations, providing social work services for social risk families, the aim to reveal constructions of social work helping process with families 2) quantitative research inviting social workers in social services, the aim was to investigate possibilities and preconditions for the supervision as “tool” for constructing professional indentity and for selfmanagement in the social work by analysing the risk of stress and expectations of support on the basis of social workers’ professional experience.

Expected Outcomes

Research revealed the way past experiences moulds present aspirations of social workers. Social workers face challenges in their role of child protector and provider of services for parents. Social workers are prioritizing services for children. Social work with parents becomes their secondary responsibility, what makes helping process with family fragmented and aimless. The emphasis on the social worker’s role on child protector divides family members to the weak ones and to the bad ones. Existing context of different contradictory intervention cultures challenges organization of social work. Researches in the field of direct intervention disclose tension between two models. In most influential intervention model social worker is State’s agent, acting according instruction and first punishing or frightening and just then providing support for clients. Another model is empowerment, when social worker invites client and percept client as capable to achieve own goals. At mezzo level there appears necessity for interdisciplinary teams, indeed there is lack of shared responsibilities, goals, and values, what creates barriers for communication and collaboration. The question which will be discussed: how social work education can interfere the changes in professional culture, which has so many different aspects and interests?

References

Bourdieu P. (1990), The Logic of Practice, Polity Press, Cambridge. Budėjienė A. (2009) Praktikos vadovų (mentorių) veikla neapibrėžtose situacijose. Socialinis darbas. Patirtis ir metodai. 3(1), p. 114-125; Gadamer (1982) Truth and Method. The Crossroad Publishing company; Goldstein E. (1984) Homo Sovieticus in transition: psychoanalysis and problems of social adjustment. Journal of American Academy of Psychoanalysis 12, p. 115-126; Khlinovskaya Rockhill E. (2010) Lost to the State – Family Discontinuity, Social Orphanhood, and Residential Care in Russian Far East. Berghahn Books Layder, D. (1996) New strategies in Social Research. Cambridge: Polity Press Večkienė N., Bižys N. (2003). Social Work Developments in Lithuania, Social Work in Europe, 10(3), p.54-63 Večkienė, N., Eidukevičiūtė, J. (2009). Tutoriaus ir mentoriaus funkcijos socialinio darbo studentų mokomosios praktikos procese. Profesinis rengimas. Tyrimai ir realijos, 17, 204–231. Veckiene N., Veckys V. (2003), Social Exclusion in the Process of Transition: The Lithuanian Case, in M. Bochenska-Seweryn, J. Grotowska-Leder (eds.), Old and New Poverty in Post-Communist Europe: Challenges for Social Work, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, pp.71-85. Voronkov V., Zdravomyslova E. (2004) The Late Soviet Informal Public Realm, Soviet Networks, and Trust in: Trust and social transformation – theoretical approaches and empirical findings from Russia edit. Schrader H. Lit Verlag. Munster;

Author Information

Julija Eidukeviciute (presenting / submitting)
Vytautas Magnus University
Social work department
Kaunas
Vytautas Magnus University, Lithuania
Vytautas Magnus University, Lithuania

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