Pedagogical Relation in Work Integration Social Enterprises. An application of Basil Bernstein's Model.
Conference:
ECER 2012
Format:
Paper

Session Information

02 SES 06 C, Studies On Teachers, Learners And Pedagogical Relations

Parallel Paper Session

Time:
2012-09-19
15:30-17:00
Room:
FCT - Aula 23
Chair:
Vibe Aarkrog

Contribution

In this paper we are presenting the last stage of a longitudinal study which involved different kind of workers in Work Integration Social Enterprises in Spain, and the training they have followed in order to achieve enough autonomy and self-independence both at personal and professional levels. As we said in ECER Berlin 2011, our main motivation is to produce an analysis of the pedagogical relation of in-company training processes, from the theoretical background of Basil Bernstein combining it with Michael Eraut’s theory.
We find that when it comes to the transmission of valuable knowledge (a transmission that seeks the ‘movement’ of dependent living to autonomous one) emphasis should be put in how we transmit the valuable knowledge instead on what it is transmitted. In order to do so, Basil Bernstein’s discursive rules appears to be very useful. They not only give us a feedback on the evolution of the acquirer, but they show fundamental information about who is the transmitter performing transmission. Discursive rules of Bernstein’s theory give us the basis of research while we employ Eraut’s typology of learning trajectories (that Eraut has developed in 2004, 2005, 2007, and 2009) in the shape of discourses. If Bernstein is suitable to understand the mechanics of learning and teaching processes (or in his terms the grammar of the pedagogical communication), we find that in such a specific context as the described by the WISE in Spain, Michael Eraut’s trajectories of learning (at least the 5 of the 8 that we choose) allows us to understand where to look at. If we compare it to School System, we could say that, somehow, learning trajectories are similar to school subjects.
The context of our research is the WISE (Work Integration Social Enterprise), a particular kind of Enterprise with a double purpose. From one side, they are meant to produce, as any other Enterprise, but on the other hand they are meant to integrate, as workers, different persons from vulnerable collectives (integration workers). In this kind of Social enterprise, we can find different kinds of educational workers, besides the integration workers. The pedagogical relation that is built between the companion worker and the integration worker in this context is a privileged place to see how pedagogical relations can be used to fostering employability among those more vulnerable in our societies in a relative short time.
These Enterprises have three years in order to achieve their goals, this is, to train the Integration Workers so they turn to be able, if training turns out succesfull, to search for their fortune in the labour market. This expectation address to the very core of our research: since they began in a WISE we have been following the steps of two female integration workers and we are seeking how they are learning to labour in the enterprise, and, as we said before, we have followed them to the very end of their training.

Method

In order to find out how integration workers are currently learning to labour, we have been doing mainly observation and conducting interviews. The content of labour is laundry: the enterprise is sustained by a large Spanish NGO that deals with services: workers in the enterprise collect old clothes and select, prepare and sell the good ones in two shops of second hand clothes. So, when we have done our observation, we have spent three weeks observing their relation with their work according with Erauts employability dimensions. Every observation week took place with six month in between. By the time of these presentations both female integration workers will be at the middle of their training. At the same time, every time we went to the WISE we conducted interviews with the companion worker and the integration workers. Due to the amount of data we are gathering for a single case, we find particularly useful to develop our analysis by using Atlas.ti software.We are combining both analytical frameworks to analyze the interviews and the observations records.

Expected Outcomes

We expect to provide a description and an analysis of pedagogical practice and pedagogical relation in Work Integration Social Enterprises allowing us to consider the different roles played by both the workers and the institutions in their autonomy to decide upon the practice they conduct. Taking into account what it is expected for an integration worker to learn during this years, and as we have been able to assess how much they increased what they learned at three different periods, we can expect to provide valuable knowledge in terms of the transmission practice to news acquirers.

References

BERNSTEIN, B. (1999). Vertical and Horizontal Discourse: an essay. En British Journal of Sociology of Education, vol. 20, n.º 2, 175-173. BERNSTEIN, B. (1ª ed. 1990)(2000). The structuring of Pedagogic Discourse. Volume IV Class, codes and control. Londres; Routledge. BERNSTEIN, B. (2001). Symbolic control: issues of empirical description of agencies and agents. En International Journal of Social Research Methodology, vol. 4, n.º1, pp- 21-33. CARMONA, G. (2001). El plan personal para la inserción socio-laboral: teoría y práctica en la empresa para la inserción laboral. Huelva, Universidad de Huelva. CENICERO, J.C. (2003).Orientación sociolaboral basada en itinerarios. Madrid, Fundación Tomillo. ERAUT, M. (2009). Improving the Quality of Work Placements. San Diego: Comunicación presentada en la conferencia anual de AERA. ERAUT, M. (2009). Understanding Complex Performance through Learning Trajectories and Mediating Artefacts. Viena: Ponencia presentada en ECER. ERAUT, M. MAILLARDET, F., MILLER, C., STEADMAN, S., ALI, A., BLACKMAN, C., CABALLERO, C. (2005). What is Learned in the Workplace and How? Typologies and results from a cross-professional longitudinal study. Early Career Learning in the Professional Workplace. Chipre: Congreso bianual EARLI. ERAUT, M. y HIRSH, W. (2007). The significance of workplace learning for individuals, groups and organizations. SKOPE Monograph 6. Oxford & Cardiff Universities. ERAUT, M., MAILLARDET, F., Miller, C., STEADMAN, S., ALI, A., BLACKMAN, C. and FURNER, J. (2004). Learning in the Professional Workplace: Relationships between Learning Factors and Contextual Factors. San Diego. Comunicación presentada en la AERA. MARHUENDA, F. (2009) “Work integration in social enterprises. Employment for the sake of learning”. En Stenström, M.L. and Tynyala, P. (eds.) Towards integration of work and learning. Dordrecht: Springer, 77-91. MARHUENDA, F., NAVAS, A. y BERNAD, J.C. (2010) “In-company work experience as a strategy for educating and inserting people in the labour market: work integration social enterprises”. Revista de Educación, (351, 139-161). Madrid.

Author Information

Almudena A. Navas Saurin (presenting / submitting)
University of Valencia
Didàctica i Organització Escolar
Valencia
Universitat de València
Didàctica i Organització Escolar
València
University of Valencia, Spain
University of Valencia, Spain

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