Innovative Technologies for an Engaging Classroom (iTEC): Evaluation Findings From First Cycle of Piloting Across 17 European Countries
Author(s):
Cathy Lewin (presenting / submitting) Maureen Haldane (presenting)
Conference:
ECER 2012
Format:
Paper

Session Information

16 SES 02 A, Integration of ICT in Education

Parallel Paper Session

Time:
2012-09-18
15:15-16:45
Room:
FCT - Aula 12
Chair:
Ed Smeets

Contribution

Innovative Technologies for an Engaging Classroom (iTEC) is a 4-year pan-European project involving schools, teachers and learners from more than 17 European countries. Educational scenarios together with iTEC technologies and other technological tools are being piloted in lower secondary schools and primary schools in 5 cycles of development and evaluation. In addition, there is a particular focus on the curriculum areas of mathematics, science and technology (MST) although other subjects are included. This paper focuses on the outcomes of the evaluation of the first cycle.

ICT in the classroom can support a range of innovative pedagogical practices (Fredriksson, Jedeskog & Plomp, 2007; Crook et al 2010) including increased collaboration, more group work, richer multimodal teaching resources, greater mobility/flexibility and a shift in teacher roles.  Yet typical use of ICT across European classrooms is limited (EACEA P9 Eurydice, 2011). For example, in mathematics ICT is mainly used for skills practice and in science for looking up information. ICT however does not necessarily lead to new pedagogical practices (Law, 2009; Shear, Novais et al, 2010). For example, pedagogical innovation can be constrained by lack of professional development support (Pennuel, 2006; EUN, 2009), factors outside school such as national curricula directives (Bryderup, Larson & Quisgaard Trentel, 2009) and lack of clarity of educational goals of technology use (Pierce, Stacey & Wander, 2010). There is a need to engage in rich debate about educational goals rather than technological potential alone, and to take account of assessment frameworks, professional development and existing cultures of schooling if real innovation is to be achieved. By adopting user-centred design processes and co-developing resources with teachers together with the close involvement of 15 Ministries of Education, iTEC seeks to identify educational scenarios, technological tools and learning activities that have the potential to be mainstreamed across Europe.

This paper focuses on two evaluation questions:

  1. To what extent does each iTEC educational scenario and relevant iTEC technologies benefit learning and teaching (for teachers, for learners, for others)?
  2. What are the enablers of and barriers to adoption of each iTEC educational scenario (including appropriate iTEC technologies)?

In Cycle 1 (September 2011 – January 2012) participating teachers were offered a choice of two educational scenarios. The first, Outdoor Study Project, involved working in teams, using technology to collect data outside the classroom and then analyzing it.   The second, Working with Outside Experts, also involved working in teams, holding a video-conference with an outside expert, and conducting follow-up correspondence. In addition a prototype tool (TeamUp) to support team working was also made available.

The conceptual framework for data analysis has been adapted from the SITES2 study (Kozma, 2003, p12). The benefits of iTEC educational scenarios and technological tools are examined in terms of pedagogical practices such as student-centred approaches, new learning spaces, collaboration, new roles and engagement with the wider community. In addition ways of using ICT and specific technological tools, and additional resources are examined taking account of factors at the micro (teacher), meso (school), and macro (regional/national) levels.

Method

A mixed methods approach has been adopted because ‘any given approach to social inquiry is inevitably partial’ (Greene, 2007, p20), whereas mixing methods will provide additional insights and fresh perspectives for understanding the impact of ICT on learning and teaching, enhance knowledge and strengthen the credibility of the findings (Greene, 2007; Teddlie & Tashakorri, 2003). An online survey of participating teachers was conducted towards the end of the first pilot cycle to obtain perceptions of the benefits of iTEC educational scenarios and technological tools, including the enablers and barriers. In addition, case studies of individual teachers (3 from each country in each cycle), have captured their perceptions from the start of their experience and drawn on a variety of data collection tools enabling the complexities of innovation and change in the real classrooms to be teased out. In each case study a lesson has been observed and the teacher, head teacher, ICT co-ordinator and a representative group of learners have been interviewed. In addition, teachers have produced multimedia stories of their journey describing the implementation process in greater detail and enabling them to reflect on the outcomes.

Expected Outcomes

Benefits include new pedagogical practices such as increased collaboration, new forms of assessment, and learning in new spaces (outdoors). Enablers include a positive teacher attitude to ICT and innovation, pedagogical and technical support, support from the head teacher, prior experience of participation in innovation projects and facilitating support via social media and/or online conferencing. Barriers include time, technical problems, curriculum constraints and the need to plan early. In one country for example, it was not deemed possible to pilot the Bring in an Expert scenario due to tight timescales. Some teachers found the TeamUp tool useful but others decided not to use it due to technical problems with early versions of the prototype. This paper will present the above findings in greater depth, illustrated by case study vignettes, taking into account cultural differences across the participating countries. The number of countries, schools and teachers involved in iTEC is significant. The results can be linked to much of the previous work in the field, for example, barriers to uptake of ICT. However, the changing landscape such as the growth in use of social media tools means that there is still much to be gleaned from research of this nature.

References

Bryderup, I.M., Larson, A. & Quisgaard T.M. (2009). ICT-use, educational policy and changes in pedagogical paradigms in compulsory education in Denmark: From a lifelong learning paradigm to a traditional paradigm? Education and Information Technologies, 14(4), 365-379. Crook C., Harrison, C., Farrington-flint, L., Tomás, C. & Underwood, J. (2010). The Impact of Technology: Value-added classroom practice. Final report. Coventry, UK: Becta. Education, Audiovisual and Culture Executive Agency (EACEA) P9 Eurydice (2011). Key Data on Learning and Innovation through ICT at School in Europe 2011. Brussels: EACEA. http://eacea.ec.europa.eu/education/eurydice/documents/key_data_series/129EN.pdf Accessed 23/06/2011. European Schoolnet (EUN) (2009) STEPS: Study of the impact of technology in primary schools. Executive Summary. http://insight.eun.org/ww/en/pub/insight/minisites/steps.htm Accessed 14/12/2010. Fredriksson U, Jedeskog G, Plomp T. (2007). Innovative use of ICT in schools based on the findings in ELFE project. Education and Information Technologies, 13(2), 83- 101. Greene, J.C. (2007) Mixed methods in social inquiry. Jossey-Bass: San Francisco, CA. Kozma, R.B. (Ed.) (2003) Technology, innovation and educational change: A global perspective. Eugene, OR: International Association for Technology in Education. Law N. (2009). Mathematics and science teachers‘ pedagogical orientations and their use of ICT in teaching. Education and Information Technologies, 14(4), 309-323. Pierce, R., Stacey, K. & Wander, R. (2010). Examining the didactic contract when handheld technology is permitted in the mathematics classroom. ZDM Mathematics education, 42, 683-695. Shear, L., Novais, G., Moorthy, S. & Langworthy, M. (2010). Innovative teaching and learning research: Executive summary of pilot year findings. Microsoft Partners in Learning. Teddlie, C., & Tashakorri, A. (2003) ‘Major issues and controversies in the use of mixed methods in the social sciences’. In A. Tashakorri, & C. Teddlie (eds), Handbook of mixed methods in social and behavioural research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 3–50.

Author Information

Cathy Lewin (presenting / submitting)
Manchester Metropolitan University
Education and Social Research Institute
Crewe
Maureen Haldane (presenting)
Manchester Metropolitan University, United Kingdom

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