Innovative and Creative Methods in Teacher Education: A Creative Turn in Professional Education
Author(s):
Ilse Schrittesser (presenting / submitting) Michaela Gläser-Zikuda (presenting)
Eveline Christof (presenting)

Sabine Gerhartz (presenting)

Sascha Ziegelbauer (presenting)

Herbert Lachmayer (presenting)
Conference:
ECER 2013
Format:
Research Workshop

Session Information

10 SES 03 D, Innovative and Creative Methods in Teacher Education: A Creative Turn in Professional Education

Research Workshop

Time:
2013-09-10
17:15-18:45
Room:
A-105
Chair:
Ilse Schrittesser

Contribution

The central argument of this proposal is that teacher education needs a creative turn and innovative methods to foster the necessary competencies professional teachers will need to be able to respond to the complex challenges of the contemporary societies.

Since international studies provide evidence that high-quality teaching is directly connected with students’ learning success, special attention is to be given to the topic of teacher education (cf. among others, Darling-Hammond, 2000; Darling-Hammond et al. 2002; Zlatkin-Troitschanskaia et al. 2009, Schratz & Schrittesser 2007).

In today’s highly diverse world learners are characterized by heterogeneity with different backgrounds, and with different levels of skills. Therefore, teachers have to develop a specific sensitivity to the abilities, talents, and needs of the individual learner. Personalized teaching in this sense does not only demand high level cognitive capacities, but also creative and intuitive competences. This observation goes hand in hand with findings in professionalism research (cf. among others Oevermann 1996), which point out that the formation of a professional habitus involves an intuitive and reflexive dimension which is closely linked to narrative and interpretative skills (cf. Charon 2001, Schrittesser 2004, 142).

Therefore, the planned workshop  intends to present concepts which aim at fostering these professional teacher competences and skills.

Eveline Christof, Sabine Gerhartz and Ilse Schrittesser from the University of Innsbruck will focus on case interpretation and narrative methods used in teacher education programmes to make students highly attuned to the learners’ motivations and acutely sensitive to the individual differences among the learners.

The “Staging Knowledge” concept created by Herbert Lachmayer describes an artistic-scientific cultural technique that complies with the demands of teacher education by recurring to the medium of exhibitions (www.daponte.at). Through this, an ambiguous competence is developed both belonging to artistic productivity (inspired by unconscious inspiration) and to the rational intuition of scientific recognition. The context of cultural content is physically represented by so called “Hermeneutic Wallpapers” which include all significant emblems researched/created by the respective curatorial team of teacher education students. The great challenge for the curatorial team, then, is to articulate the intended meanings of the wallpaper through the medium of “performative free speech” during the whole period of the exhibition using  its space as a stage. Again, this concept applied to teacher education provides an innovative way of opening up spaces for creative reflection.

Michaela Gläser-Zikuda, Christine Voigt and Sascha Ziegelbauer will present  specific types of portfolio-approach as a reflexive instrument (Gläser-Zikuda & Hascher 2007; Spandel 1997). The portfolio is seen as a very promising approach to initiate and support reflection for the professional development of teachers (Häcker 2012). A portfolio approach requires an environment characterized by self-regulation, communication, cooperation, and process orientation. It offers opportunities for reflection as a way of encouraging teachers to systematically think about their views on and experiences with practice, thus enabling them to begin and continue the transformation of personal experience into personal and professional knowledge (Gläser-Zikuda et al. 2011). 

Method

In order to be sensitive to the learners’ implicit and explicit messages, to analyse and assess a learner’s approach to a problem, teachers must be able to observe meticulously, to understand what they see and, finally, respond adequately. By the team of the University of Innsbruck is argued, that these skills, can best be learned through creative methods. To become “a reflective practioner” (Schön, 1984), teachers are encouraged to work with a portfolio applying metacognitive strategies, reflexive thinking, and self-regulation, as well as taking feedback from others in a community of learners into account. However, for a successful implementation in teacher education adaptive portfolio formats are needed. Based on the theoretical background and specific examples, also from empirical studies, different portfolio formats will be presented in the workshop by the team of the University of Jena. „Staging Knowledge“ is focused on the conceptional idea of sensual experience and the imaginative power of the unconscious which is equally important for today’s patterns of recognition as the argumentation strategies of theoretical discourses. Especially the performative act of free speech in the symbolically defined exhibition space marks an innovative turn of the transdisciplinary mediation of cultural knowledge.

Expected Outcomes

The expected outcomes of the research workshop offered by Christof, Gerhartz, Gläser-Zikuda, Lachmayer and Schrittesser, Voigt and Ziegelbauer can be summarized as follows: Three innovative approaches in teacher education will be presented and discussed. The approaches aim at the development of specific professional skills – narrative competence, creative skills, and reflexivity. The researchers will discuss their experiences with these methods, report on some empirical findings, and – together with the workshop participants – will consider possible and meaningful ways of using such creative tools as widely as possible for the professional development of teacher education students and, consequently, for the continuing education of teachers.

References

Charon, R. (2001). Narrative Medicine. A Model for Empathy, Reflection, Profession, and Trust. [Electronic version] JAMA, Vol 286, No. 15. Retrieved January 1, 2013 from Jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=194300. Darling-Hammond, L. (2000). Teacher quality and student achievement: A review of state policy evidence. Education policy analysis archives, 8 (1), http://epaa.asu.edu/epaa/ Darling-Hammond, L., Chung, R., & Frelow, F. (2002). Variation in teacher preparation: how well do different pathways prepare teachers to teach. Journal of Teacher Education, 53(4), 286– 302. Gläser-Zikuda, M., Fendler, J., Noack, J. & Ziegelbauer, S. (2011). Fostering self-regulated learning with portfolios in schools and higher education. Orbis Scholae, 5 (2), 67-78. Gläser-Zikuda, M. & Hascher, T. (Hrsg.) (2007). Lernprozesse dokumentieren, reflektieren und beurteilen. Lerntagebuch & Portfolio in Bildungsforschung und Bildungspraxis. Bad Heilbrunn: Klinkhardt. Häcker, T. (2012). Portfolioarbeit im Kontext einer reflektierenden Lehrer/innenbildung. In R. Egger & M. Merkt (Hrsg.), Lernwelt Universität. Die Entwicklung von Lehrkompetenz in der Hochschule. Lernweltforschung, Bd. 9. (S. 263-289). Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften. Schratz, M. & Schrittesser. I. (2007). White Paper on Teacher Education. Comissioned by the Austrian Ministry of Education, the Arts and Culture. Manuscript Oevermann, U. (1996). Theoretische Skizze einer revidierten Theorie professionalisierten Handelns. In: A. Combe, & W. Helsper (Eds.), Pädagogische Professionalität. Untersuchungen zum Typus pädagogischen Handelns (pp. 70-182). Frankfurt/Main: Suhrkamp. Schön, D. A. (1984). The reflective practitioner. How professionals think in action. Perseus Books. London: Basic Books Inc. Schrittesser, I. (2004). Professional Communities: Zur Grundlegung und Implementierung neuer Ausbildungsorte für professionalisiertes Handeln. In M. Krainz-Dürr, et al. (Eds.), Grenzen überschreiten in Bildung und Schule. Carinthia: Drava. Spandel ,V. (1997). Reflections on portfolios. In G. D. Phye, (Ed.), Handbook of academic learning. Construction of knowledge. The educational psychology series (pp. 573-591). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.

Author Information

Ilse Schrittesser (presenting / submitting)
University of Innsbruck
Teacher Education and School Research
Innsbruck
University of Jena, Germany
Eveline Christof (presenting)
University of Innsbruck, Austria
Innsbruck
Sabine Gerhartz (presenting)
University of Innsbruck
Department of Teacher Education and School Research
Innsbruck
Sascha Ziegelbauer (presenting)
University of Jena, Germany
Herbert Lachmayer (presenting)
University of Art and Design Linz
Staging Knowledge
Wien

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