Mediating Technologies in Teacher Education
Author(s):
Ann-Therese Arstorp (presenting / submitting)
Conference:
ECER 2013
Format:
Paper

Session Information

10 SES 02 B, Technologies in Teacher Education

Paper Session

Time:
2013-09-10
15:15-16:45
Room:
A-202
Chair:
Robyn Henderson
Discussant:
Thurídur Jóhannsdóttir

Contribution

Through an ethnographical study of teacher education at a Danish University College, it is investigated in what ways digital technological artefacts mediate issues of e.g. flow, positions and role models. Subsequently it is investigated if these technologies are used by educators in teacher education in ways that create transformation or continuity in the educational practice.

This paper aims at examining the use of digital technologies as they are situated in the everyday practice of teacher education and in the curricular activities. It also investigates how students use social media platforms such as Facebook to navigate in their studies. This paper asks some of the following questions:

  • In what ways is technology mediating transformation or continuity in the positions of educator and student teacher? And in the learning paradigms?
  • In what ways does technology mediate role modelling in teacher education?
  • In what ways does educational technology facilitate or disrupt lesson flow?

The theoretical framework of this paper is Cultural Historical Activity Theory especially the notion of mediation, as Vygotsky (Vygotsky, 1978) and others following him (Edwards A. , 2010; Engeström, Y., 1990; Engeström, Y., 2007; Kaptelinin, Kuutti, & Bannon, 1995; Säljö, 2004; Säljö, 2010) have used it. This framework challenges the traditional discourse that mainly views technology (and digital technology in particular) as a tool which one needs to learn to master. Internationally this notion of digital technologies as tools is expressed through a number of papers on digital literacy (e.g. Technological literacy, teacher training, ethnographical study, ICT Partnership for 21st Century Skills, 2011). The chosen theoretical framework for this paper focuses on the situated mediation that goes on in the interaction between digital technology as an artefact (Wartofsky, 1973; Cole, 1998; Engeström, 1990; Engeström, 2007), educator and student teacher.

Apart from challenging the notion of digital technologies as merely tools this paper also brings forward the importance of role models in regard to the use of digital technologies in teacher training, as also (Granston, 2004; OECD, 2010; OECD, 2010; OECD, 2009; OECD, 2009) points out. These reports show the relevance of addressing the importance of role models in respect to the use of digital technologies in teacher training in a European or even global framework. The issue of integrating digital technologies into the education of teachers through educators as role models is one aspect of it, another is the way educators view digital technologies as a tool the students must learn to master (Ananiadou & Rizza, 2010). It is of importance that we address these issues and work on understanding as well as solving them.

Method

This study is an ethnographical study (Davies, 2008; Spradley, 1980) of the practice of teaching with (or without) technology in teacher training. It is part of a larger research project; Technucation, but this paper has its own empirical data. These consist of: - Participant observations from a number of lectures in core subjects with 6 different educators in a teacher training college in Denmark over a period of 6 months - Qualitative interviews with 12 educators and 13 student teachers - Participant observations in 4 different student Facebook groups related to the core subjects This paper has a particular analytical interest in the contradictions that arise around the use of technology when it is situated in the teaching practice of the educators. Through these contradictions the motives, intentions and orientation of the educators and the student teachers become visible and possible analytical objects (Hedegaard & Fleer, 2008).

Expected Outcomes

The expected outcome of this paper is initially to gain insight into the use of digital technology in teacher training but the expectations go beyond the use in itself. The paper is part of a larger study that expects to contribute to the development of a framework for understanding how digital technologies mediate more than what is apparent. This paper aims at showing how digital technology mediate and transform aspects of teacher education such as the relations between educator and student as well as the possibilities of participation from both educator and student teacher. This paper aims at lining up possible new ways of thinking about digital technologies and their role in teacher training and how they challenge both educators and student teachers when they engage with technology.

References

Cole, M. (1998). Cultural Psychology - A Once and Future Discipline. Belknap Press.Cole, M. (1998). Cultural Psychology - A Once and Future Discipline. Belknap Press. Davies, C. A. (2008). Reflexive Ethnography. London: Routledge. Edwards, A. (2010). Being an Expert Professional Practitioner. The Relational Turn in Expertise. Springer. Engeström, Y. (1990). Learning, Working and Imagining. Twelve studies in activity theory. Helsinki: Orienta-Konsultit Oy. Engeström, Y. (2007). Enriching the Theory of Expansive Learning: Lessons From the Journeys Toward Coconfiguration. Mind, Culture, and Activity, 14(1-2), p. 23-39 Granston, C. N. (2004). Technology and Teacher Training: The Systematic Design and Development of a Framework for Integrating Technology into Jamaica’s Teacher Training Programs. University of South Florida. Hedegaard, M., & Fleer, M. (2008). Studying children. A cultural-historical approach. London: Open University Press. Kaptelinin, V., Kuutti, K., & Bannon, L. (1995). Activity Theory: Basic Concepts and Applications. A summary of a tutorial given at the East West HCI 95 Conference. OECD. (2009). Country Questionnaire New Millennium Learners ICT in Initial Teacher Training Centre for Educational Research and Innovation (CERI) OECD. Country Questionnaire. OECD. (2009). OECD Study on Digital Learning Resources as systemic Innovation. Country case study report on Denmark. International Association for Technology, Education and Development (IATED). OECD. (2010). ICT in Initial Teacher Training, The Netherlands, Country report. OECD. (2010). ICT in Initial Teacher Training. Sweden. Country report. Partnership for 21st Century Skills. (2011). ICT literacy: http://www.p21.org/overview/skills-framework/350 Spradley, J. (1980). Participant Observation. Wadsworth. Säljö, R. (2004). Learning and technologies, people and tools in co-ordinated activities. International Journal of Educational Research, s. 489–494. Säljö, R. (2010). Digital tools and challenges to institutional traditions of learning: technologies, social memory and the performative nature of learning. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, s. 53-64. Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in Society. The development of Higher Psychological Processes. Harvard University Press. Wartofsky, M. (1973). Models. Dordrecht: D. Reidel.

Author Information

Ann-Therese Arstorp (presenting / submitting)
Aarhus University
Department of Education
Copenhagen

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