Education in Developing Countries through the Eyes of Volunteers Participating in the Foreign Educational Internships
Author(s):
Veronika Oplocká (presenting / submitting)
Conference:
ECER 2013
Format:
Paper

Session Information

ERG SES G 08, Future of Education

Paper Session

Time:
2013-09-10
09:00-10:30
Room:
A-203
Chair:
Geert Thyssen

Contribution

 The theme of this paper is education in developing countries in terms of volunteers participating in foreign educational internships. Education has become, during the second half of the 20th century, an important tool for socio-economic development and modernization process in developing countries. Universal Declaration of Human Rights from 1948 already states the right to free education for all, as one of the fundamental human rights and freedoms. These aspects support the emergence of a concept of education for sustainable development, which was intended to procure sufficient resources to enable healthy and productive, safe righteous life for all. In 1990, the refore, the Universal Declaration of Education for Allwas adopted.These efforts were followed by a UN Summit, held in 2000. The summit was concluded by an adoption of a comprehensive concept, which should contribute to the ongoing development at the global, regional, and state level.
As a means of support, contributing to the ful fillment of the concept of education for sustainable development, take place even different educational activities, internships and educational projects, organized under the auspices of international organizations (People in Need, UN), the implementation of which primarily involved volunteers from different countries, the Czech Republic being no exception. However, the actual progress of this educational placement is not yet fully mapped; the definition is problematic in case of guaranteeing the quality of education provided by the volunteers, as well as their perception of the situation. This contribution seeks answers to these questions.

 The aim of this paper is to describe how the concept of development cooperation is practically realized from the viewpoint of participants of educational internships abroad.
 The research question is stated as follows: How do respondents perceive participation in educational volunteering internships in developing countries?

This question splits into other sub-questions:
1. What motivated respondents to participate in foreign educational internships in developing countries?
2. With what expectations were respondents leaving for an internship?
3. How did the internship itself go?
4. What were respondents most surprised about?
5. How do they evaluate participating in foreign educational internship?
6. How were the expectations of the respondents participating in the foreign educational internships fulfilled?
7. What methods and forms were in practice used to implement educational activities and education in developing countries?
8. With what barriers had to be overcome by respondents whenin practice implementing the educational process in developing countries?

Method

To obtain an answer to this question and to achieve the objective of the paper, qualitative research was selected and it was carried out in several successive stages. In the first phase current state of education in developing countries was analyzed; an overview and typology of organizations that carry out this training in the Czech Republic was created. At the same time the documents and the final reports of respondents who volunteered abroad by attending educational internships, published in the online database of organizations providing international and national volunteer activities in developing countries, were analyzed. Based on this analysis primary structure of questions which were then implemented in the second phase comprising of in-depth interviews with selected respondents, who were selected on the basis of certain established criteria (age 30 years, confirmed voluntary participation of foreign educational internship in a developing country, lasting at least 6 weeks, etc.), was compiled. It was adeliberatechoice.The study was aimed at finding the basic characteristics of the participants, their motivation to participate in volunteering training placements and overall perception of these internships in developing countries. At the same time the specifics of education in developing countries and their progress and meeting the expectations of the respondents were determined. Responses have been analyzed and interpreted based on the theoretical framework.

Expected Outcomes

Research on education in developing countries through the eyes of volunteers participating in foreign educational internships can bring a new perspective on education in developing countries in general, but also stresses the specifics associated with it. It could also help map the current situation in relation with the fulfillment of the second of the eight goals set by the UN Summit, held in 2000. Specifically, the task of ensuring basic education for all, so that children could, anywhere in the world, girls and boys, complete primary school, was formulated in there. This goal was to be filled in 2015,but it already appears that it will not be possible, especially due to the financial crisis. The resulting findings should capture the very sight of volunteers, participating in internships in developing countries, should help to see the whole process related to motivation, expectations, course, changes in the value system and self-fulfillment of the objectives and expectations with which the participants in these foreign internships in developing countries are leaving.

References

Buchmann, C. and Hannum, E. (2001) Education and Stratification in Developing Countries: A Review of Theories and Research. Annual Review of Sociology 27, 77-102. Buchmann, C. and Parrado, E. (2006). Educational Achievement of Immigrant-origin and Native Students: a comparative analysis informed by institutional theory. In D.P. Parker and A.W. Wiseman (Eds.) The impact of comparative education research on institutional theory (pp. 345-377). Oxford: Elsevier Science. Buchanan-Smith, M., & Telford, J. (2004). An Introduction to Evaluation of Humanitarian Action (EHA). London: ALNAP. Department for Education and Employment (2000). Professional Development: Support for Teaching and Learning. London: DfEE. [Online]. Available at: http://www.education.gov.uk/consultations/ [Accessed July 19, 2012]. Exnerová, V. (2005) Globální problémy a rozvojová spolupráce: Témata, o která se lidé zajímají. Praha: Člověk v tísni. Glewwe, P. and Kremer, M. (2005) Schools, Teachers, and Education Outcomes in Developing Countries. Second draft of chapter for Handbook on the Economics of Education. Available from http://www.economics.harvard.edu/faculty/kremer/files/EconEducationHandbook.pdf [Accessed April 23, 2012]. Lewin, K. M. and Caillods, F. (2001) Financing Secondary Education in Developing Countries: Strategies for Sustainable Growth. Paris: International Institute for Educational Planning; UNESCO. Lockheed, M. & Verspoor, A. M. (1992). Improving Primary Education in Developing Countries: A Review of Policy Options.Washington DC: The World Bank. Puryear, J. M. (1995). International education statistics and research: Status and problems. International Journal of Educational Development, 15(1): 79-91. Skalková, J. (2007) Obecná didaktika. Praha: Grada. Skalková, J. (2004) Pedagogika a výzvy nové doby. Brno: Paido. United Nations (2007) Millennium Development Goals 2015. Available from http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals [Accessed July 23, 2012]. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (2008) EFA Global Monitoring Report. Available from http://portal.unesco.org/education/en/ev.php-URL_ID=49591&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html [Accessed July 18, 2012].

Author Information

Veronika Oplocká (presenting / submitting)
Masaryk University, Faculty of Arts
Department of Educational Sciences
Brno

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